Art as a Form of Creative Expression Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Workmanship as a Form of Creative Expression - Essay Example The most fascinating thing about workmanship is that it is culture-explicit and it recounts to its own story from a specific social point of view. Individuals having a place with various societies use craftsmanship to communicate and it shapes their conduct. For example, model or artistic creations can be utilized to communicate the lifestyle of a gathering of individuals who share a similar culture and qualities. As a rule, individuals who have a place with a specific culture relate to a specific sort of craftsmanship. The equivalent applies to music and move. The sort of music played by individuals having a place with various social gatherings shifts here and there since they have various societies. So as to comprehend the way of life of others, this can be just done through the utilization of their specialty items. The other significant viewpoint about craftsmanship is that it is a one of a kind formation of something that portrays the lives of the individuals in question. Music, for instance, is utilized to impart various parts of the life of a specific gathering of individuals. The music sort of individuals having a place with a specific gathering is shared by all individuals and it typically conveys significant messages about the lifestyle of these individuals. Workmanship can likewise be viewed as a type of diversion in various divisions of society. Through music and move, individuals are engaged while simultaneously getting the hang of something significant about the lifestyle of a specific gathering of people. Just like some other scholarly subject, it very well may be seen that craftsmanship is found out and the courses offered to vary contingent upon the sort of workmanship being instructed at a particular organization. Workmanship exercises can be offered through various stages and people can pick the zone of specialization from a lower level. There are likewise schools and colleges that offer different expert capabilities in workmanship considers . Craftsmanship is broadly perceived as an expert capability in various segments of society. It is a wellspring of business for some craftsmen who take part in making various antiquities. In that capacity, there are different estimates that are set up in various nations to ensure crafted by the craftsmen with the goal that they can appreciate the advantages of their innovativeness. Copyright laws are upheld in various nations in order to secure the results of the specialists. This is likewise intended to guarantee that the specialists keep on being inventive on the off chance that they are guaranteed of getting compensations from their difficult work. Responsibility for is significant since this assists with keeping deceitful individuals from getting a charge out of the advantages of different people’s work. This likewise assists with building up the workmanship business which is viewed as a wellspring of work in various social orders. The government assistance of numerous pe ople is improved through the production of various relics that thus are utilized as a type of articulation by various gatherings of individuals. Essentially, it tends to be presumed that the comprehension of workmanship is significant since it has a direction on the lives of individuals in various social orders. Craftsmanship is culture-explicit and it assists with recognizing one gathering of individuals from the other. Craftsmanship is likewise utilized as a one of a kind method of making a social character among various individuals.

Drama Essay: A Review of “Spring Awakening” Essay

I will audit the play titled, â€Å"Spring Awakening† by Fred Wedekind. This play was delivered by The Department of Performing Arts and Humanities of the School of Liberal Arts at and coordinated by Robert W. Oppel. I saw the play on March twentieth Q Building Theater. The play was brilliant and surpassed all desires because of the expert way the story was introduced. â€Å"Spring Awakening† is a melodic concerning young people who investigate their individual sexuality while living in an abusive culture. The setting happens in a strict, provincial town in Germany during the late nineteenth century. It contains issues of sexuality, religion, and training, yet in addition uncovered the boundaries among grown-ups and youngsters. Guardians are evidently strict; nonetheless, they abuse their youngsters. Also, they make adolescence additionally befuddling by prohibiting their youngsters to pose inquiries about their sexuality or talk about sex by and large. Different subjects included disgrace, sexual orientation, and specialists. The play likewise shows the ramifications for opposing what society thinks about good and worthy. There are three fundamental on-screen characters assuming rule jobs. Sinead Fahey, a newcomer to the Theater at CCBC, filled the role of Wendla. Her general execution was fabulous. She sang wonderfully, moved effortlessly, and gave a solid presentation all through the play. Sinead was all around cast and credible in her job. James Baxter, who filled the role of Melchior, is a returning entertainer at CCBC. James had his influence well, yet appeared to be somewhat saved in his character. It showed up he was not exactly as energetic as he could have been. Be that as it may, he moved and sang well and still conveyed a strong presentation. James was genuinely all around cast and to some degree reasonable in his job. The character Moritz was played by Christopher H. Zargarbashi. He moved on from Towson University with a degree in acting. Christopher’s execution was great and completely engaging to watch. Christopher was exact in the manner he passed on Moritz’s exceptional a nd apprehensive character. He was very much cast and amazingly reasonable while having his impact. The play contains a tense, important advancement. Blending the late nineteenth century period in with cutting edge highlights shows up new and unique. For example, when the entertainers talk in the play, they are in character during the late nineteenth century, yet become current artists during the melodic numbers. Furthermore, all the characters in the play dress in the fitting nineteenth century clothing, while the troupe dresses in cutting edge garments. Moreover, the best possible word usage is a complexity to the music which displays irreverence and cutting edge topics. It is a one of a kind and imaginative approach to communicate the story. Robert W. Oppel, made a satisfactory showing of coordinating the play. This is obvious in the manner that the entertainers efficiently, yet normally move. For instance, when the characters contact or associate genuinely, it isn't done in a cumbersome style, yet slow and loose. In any event, when they expel their receivers from their apparel, it is executed in a characteristic way. There are commonly when the characters remain superbly still and don't move at all during a scene. It was an astonishing and veritable showcase of ability. Surely, the topic of â€Å"Spring Awakening† could be pertinent to anybody. Persecution and subjects, for example, kid misuse, assault, self destruction, fetus removal, and homo-sexuality will consistently exist. Consequently, the play brings out the audience’s sympathy by delineating these individual battles among the young living in the nineteenth century. Basically, I unquestionably delighted in the play and was excited with the general understanding of live theater. I was distrustful from the start about whether I might want the story, yet was wonderfully astonished and overwhelmed by what I saw. I would enthusiastically prescribe this play to other people, particularly youthful grown-ups and grown-ups who are searching for a develop storyline. I would assuredly say I increased a regard for live theater. I offer credit to everybody included, particularly the on-screen characters and on-screen characters. They have just one opportunity to hit the nail on the head and hold the mental fortitude to act before a live crowd.

Turkey Banned Video Sharing Website Vimeo

Turkey Banned Video Sharing Website Vimeo Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!Turkey Banned Video Sharing Website Vimeo?Updated On 08/06/2018Author : Pradeep KumarTopic : TechnologyShort URL : http://bit.ly/2ozjiRp CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogQuite recently I came to know Turkey (officially as the Republic of Turkey) banned the popular video sharing website Vimeo.Vimeo is a respectful community of creative people who are passionate about sharing the videos they make. Vimeo is a video-sharing website on which users can upload, share, and view videos.It was founded by Zach Klein and Jakob Lodwick in November 2004.Its not a big news since Turkey banned YouTube several times since March 2007, even though the countrys President Abdullah Gül expressed his disapproval of the country’s blocking of YouTube. The screenshot shown below proves the title is right.But some people from Turkey say it might be due to copyright infringement or violating p olicy. It is just banned as a precaution for now.Screenshot Credit : @kitiarauthmatarAny of HBBs readers from Turkey!? Vimeo banned in Turkey for sure? Please share your opinions below. READAI in Education

black and blue book review - 1066 Words

Black and Blue: by Anna Quindlen The task assigned is a review of the book Black and Blue by Anna Quindlen. I will provide examples and summarize the main concepts of the book to include Intimate Partner Violence, Battering, and Intimate Terrorism. I will reference the text Family Violence, Across the Lifespan by Ola W. Barnett, Cindy Miller-Perrin, and Robin D. Perrin in order to support my theoretical claims. I will select a critical part of the book and explain why it was challenging to read and understand based on my perspective, and then select a character to analyze using one of the theoretical perspective. This book is sad and disturbing, the punishment inflicted on Fran by her husband Bobby Benedetto is unacceptable and†¦show more content†¦It is hard to analyze Bobby as a character by using one theoretical perspective but I am confident that Lenore Walker’s â€Å"Cycle of Violence Theory† (Barnett, Miller-Perrin, and Perrin 315) best describes Bobbyâ⠂¬â„¢s behaviors as a classic batterer. As defined, the theory has three phase’s, the first phase is â€Å"Tension Building†, minor incidents of violence, along with the build-up of anger, verbal put-downs, jealousy, threats, and breaking things. This phase could describe the initial escalation by Bobby to start intimidating Fran prior to their marriage. The second phase is the â€Å"Battering Phase†, where major violent outbursts occur like Bobby breaking Fran’s collarbone and nose. The last phase is the â€Å"Honeymoon Phase† where the perpetrator is remorseful and loving. There were times where this would apply, but Bobby was not consistently loving after he beat Fran, rather he would often attempt to downplay the intensity and effects or even blame Fran for causing the incident while downplaying his violence, and in some cases denying that it took place, as with the initial instance where Bobby explained that he â€Å"just came at you a lilâ⠂¬ . Even though socialization theories are not explored in the nearly 400 pages of this book, the most significant and understandable piece of information comes from a brief dialogue between Fran andShow MoreRelatedThe American Dream By Edgar Allan Poe1476 Words   |  6 Pagessecond section following mostly his aunt s, then the third is his father s. The fourth follows his mother s thoughts, and then again back to John s. By 1948, he was regularly publishing book reviews essays in periodicals such as New Leader, Commentary, and Partisan Review. When the strain of being a Black man amongst Whites and a homosexual amongst heterosexuals (He was at one point engaged to be married) became too much, Baldwin left the United States to join friends in exile to Paris. For theRead MoreBlack Music in Toni Morrisons Jazz Essay1728 Words   |  7 PagesAfrican American culture is distinguishable from other American cultures by its emphasis on music. This attention to music has produced two original forms, blues and jazz, and has developed distinctive traditions of others like gospel. Jazz is based mainly on one of these forms, namely –as the title infer- on jazz. This form pervades the whole book and provides not only subject and theme but also literary technique for the novel. Consequently, Jazz is not only the novel about the jazz era but also aRead MoreMedical Surgical Nursing : Assessment And Management Of Clinical Problem By Lewis, Dirksen, Heitkemper, And Bucher920 Words   |  4 PagesThe textbook or printed instruction I chose to review is an undergraduate nursing textbook. I chose this type of book because I am most familiar with the subject and have read and studied from several different publishers while obtaining my nursing degree. The textbook is Medical-Surgical Nursing: Assessment and Management of Clinical Problem by Lewis, Dirksen, Heitkemper, and Bucher (2014). I found this book on amazon.com and am able to preview several pages. This textbook focuses on medical-surgicalRead MoreDesigning The Cd Package Design1299 Words   |  6 Pagesalbum name. Then, added paint splatters and rendered them to make the model as a recognizable subject for the cover. In addition, I added the song titles and an excerpt inside the front sleeve of the cover. Furthermore, I used three colors: cerulean blue, chartreuse green, and indigo purple throughout the project. Lastly, I added a barcode, a record label logo, and fictitious information to make the entire CD package look realistic. Typography Calendars For the month of May, I created a calendar pageRead MoreBlack And Blues - Langston Hughes1623 Words   |  7 PagesKelsee Robinson Mrs. Fiene English 12 14 March 2017 Black and Blues – Langston Hughes The Harlem Renaissance was a time in history when the African American culture had one of its most influential movements by using creativity and the arts (Hutchinson 1). This movement took place between 1918 and 1937 and was shaped by both African American men and women through writing, theatre, visual arts, and music. The purpose of this movement was to change the white stereotypes that were associated withRead MoreEssay about Harlem Renaissance Poets: Countee Cullen and Langston Hughes1142 Words   |  5 Pagesfrom this period: Heritage, written by Countee Cullen, and The Weary Blues, written by Langston Hughes. There is a lot of mystery about the early life of Countee Cullen. He was adopted at age fifteen, and liked a singing of his adopting mother. According to Nelson (2000), that might be the reason why Cullen perceived poetry as muse-song. His role within the Harlem Renaissance was very significant. He was inspired by American black life and had written in conventional writing style. Through hisRead MoreEssay about Jazz and Culture1460 Words   |  6 Pagesthat suggests that talking about music is like dancing about literature. What words are sufficient to explain your favorite album to a person who cannot hear? There are none. James Baldwin, in his story â€Å"Sonny’s Blues,† does as well as anyone can: â€Å"Creole began to tell us what the blues were all about. They were not about anything very new. He and his boys up there were keeping it new, at the risk of ruin, destruction, madness, and death, in order to find new ways to make us listen. For, whileRead MoreFrank Lloyd Wrights An Kindergarten Math Standard Of Identifying And Identifying Shapes1731 Words   |  7 Pageslike and we will also review how to describe where a shape is, above, below, next to, on top of etc. We will make use of Frank Lloyd Wright’s artwork in order to review shapes and location. We will discuss the artwork as a class and talk about the shapes that we can identify in the artwork. We will then label the different shapes on the board as a class, to help children who are still learning the shapes by name. I will then ask the kids questions such as: Where is the big blue circle? Where is theRead More Rock n Roll 20th Century Culture Essay1465 Words   |  6 PagesMurray, the African-American musical tradition is â€Å"fundamentally stoical yet affirmative in spirit† (Star 3). Through the medium of the blues, African-Americans expressed a resilience of spirit which refused to be crippled by either poverty or racism. It is through music that the energies and dexterities of black American life are sounded and expressed (39). For the black culture in this country, the music of Basie or Ellington expressed a â€Å"wideawake, forward-tending† rhythm that one can not only danceRead MoreYou Can t Write An Honest Novel About Race1492 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"You can’t write an honest novel about race in this country. If you write about how people are really affected by race, it’ll be too obvious† (335). Americanah, however, is a novel full of social commentary on race and how it affects the lives of black immigrants, especially female immigrants. Adichie is aware of how race and gender work alongside each other and shape someone’s experience. The main protagonist of the story, Ifemelu constantly points this out. Since Americanah is a relatively new

Finding Scholarly Journal Articles for Research

Your professor may tell you that you’re required to use journal articles for your research paper. You read articles all the time in magazines—but you know that’s not the sort of article your professor is looking for. Scholarly articles are reports written by professional people who specialize in specific fields, like Caribbean history, British literature, underwater archaeology, and educational psychology. These reports are often published in hardbound periodical journals, which look much like encyclopedias. You’ll find a section of your library dedicated to journal collections. How to Find a Journal Article There is a difference between finding articles that exist and actually putting your hands on an article that you discover through a search. First, you find articles that exist. Then you figure out how to get access to them. You can find articles that exist by using a search engine. Through a search, you will find names and descriptions of articles out there in the world of academia. There will be special search engines loaded onto your library’s computers that generate article lists, based on your search criteria. If you are at home, you can use Google Scholar to search. To use Google Scholar, enter your topic and the word â€Å"journal† in the search box. (You enter the word journal to avoid getting books.) Example: Enter â€Å"squid beaks† and â€Å"journal† in the Google Scholar box and you will generate a list of journal articles that have something to do with squid beaks from: International Journal of ZoologyJournal of Field Ornithology Antarctic ScienceCanadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic ScienceMarine Mammal Science Once you have identified articles with a search, you may or may not be able to access the actual text online. If you are in a library, you will have better luck at this: you’ll be able to access articles that you can’t access at home because libraries have special access that individuals don’t. To make your life easier, ask a reference librarian for help getting to a full-text journal article online. Once you access the article online, print it out and take it home with you. Make sure you note enough information to cite the article. Finding Articles on the Shelves If the article is not available online, you may find that is published in a bound journal that is located on the shelves of your library (your library will have a list of journals it holds). When this happens, you simply find the right volume on the shelf and go to the correct page. Most researchers like to photocopy the entire article, but you might be happy just taking notes. Be sure to record page numbers and other information you’ll need for citations. Accessing Articles via Interlibrary Loans Your library may hold a number of bound journals, but no library contains every journal published. Libraries buy subscriptions to articles that they think their visitors will be most interested in finding. The good news is that you can request a printed copy of any article through a process called the interlibrary loan. If you discover an article that exists only in printed form, but it’s not in your own library, you’re still OK. A library official will help you by contacting another library and ordering a copy. This process takes a week or so, but it is a lifesaver!

How Governments Spend Tax Dollars - 1871 Words

SPECIAL TAXING DISTRICTS Citizens expect government to provide high quality, low-cost services through efficient use of public tax dollars. However, local governments with tight budgets and a multitude of needs vying for public funds often struggle to improve or even maintain services within their boundaries. Budget shortfalls may result in non-essential programs like parks, libraries and community colleges becoming severely underfunded or defunct, despite strong objections by citizens. County and city governments throughout the United States have increasingly responded to these difficulties by implementing special taxing districts (Turk, 2004). Special taxing districts are separate government entities, which typically administer a single service within a defined geographical boundary. Some districts provide a new service, while others acquire responsibilities once held by general-purpose governments. The services they provide are broad, ranging from essential functions like fire protection, highways, and ho spitals, to more obscure tasks of mosquito abatement and upkeep of cemeteries (U.S. Census Bureau, 2012). Since 1952, special taxing districts in the United States have increased over 200%, with 38,266 special districts comprising 40% of local government in 2012. During the same time, municipalities have increased slightly, while the number of townships and school districts both decline (U.S. Census Bureau, 2012). The structural changes in local government have beenShow MoreRelatedStrategies For Relieving The National Debt1041 Words   |  5 PagesThe Canadian government has many different strategies to relieving the national debt while being able to sustain the stability of the economy and its many markets. These different strategies include the government selling debts to the banks, wage and price increases, and fiscal and monetary policies. These policies are briefly mentioned and outlined in Chapter Eleven: Policy Matters. (DPE, 145,147) One strategy the government uses is selling their debts to other parties, usually the banks. It isRead MoreEssay about The Debt: An Economic Catastrophe853 Words   |  4 Pagescents of every tax dollar the federal government raises is used for interest payments alone on the debt. Though there have been operating surpluses within the federal government, they have been eaten up by the debt interest payments. Few people understand the devastating effects of compound interest. The debt, at a compound rate of 10%, doubles in seven years, quadruples in fourteen years, and is eight times as much in twenty-one years. This creates great difficulty for governments to slow the debtRead MoreThe Economic Benefits of Legalizing Marijuana1068 Words   |  5 Pagesconverse over how marijuana can benefit our nations failing economy as it has in the past. 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Although some people oppose that drugsRead MoreDetermining The Marginal Tax Bracket Essay1156 Words   |  5 PagesIf I had a friend who did not want to move up the tax br acket and take the raise, I would insure him that they would still be making more money with the raise. To explain the marginal tax bracket to my friend, I would first show them the chart. Even though their pay would move them to a greater bracket, they only have to pay a partial percentage of the dollar amount they bring in for income. Everyone pays a percent of each income bracket range they are in this is different from someone paying theRead MoreThe Budget Of The Federal Budget867 Words   |  4 Pagesspending. Thus the public is uniformed about how much money is spent on certain programs such as Social Security, Medicare, and Medicaid. In Red Ink, David Wessel offers a comprehensive view about what consists of the federal budget, how the government receives revenues, and how the government spends this money. The book begins by summarizing the federal budget. Wessel starts by headlining that the U.S government is spending an incomprehensible â€Å"400 million dollars an hour, more than $30,000 per AmericanRead MoreCanadian Government : The Canadian Economy1195 Words   |  5 PagesOver the years the Canadian government continuously tries to create multiple ways to help progress the economy. Currently the government is doing a poor job improving the economy, however, it has potential to positively develop in the future. The Canadian government is negatively influencing the economy due to the decrease in value of the Canadian dollar, lack of regulation on policies, and the current position of the business cycle in Canada. However, the Canadian government demonstrates potential improvementsRead MoreLottery Is Good or Not1635 Words   |  7 PagesIs lottery a good idea? These days, a lot of people play lottery and spend a certain amount of money on it while few of them earn back what they spend. Someone says lottery is a kind of tax collected by the government on peoples’ luck and desire to be rich. In another aspect, lottery is also gambling, and it could make people to be a millionaire in a night if the person is lucky enough, however, it has a negative effect that it causes inequality, crimes and so on. So lottery is not a positive ideaRead MoreThe Economic Issues Of New Zealand Essay1563 Words   |  7 PagesEducation and health 2 labour markets 3 Sport and game theory 4 Energy market and climate change 5 Traffic jams, innovation and music quotas Part: Macroeconomic issues 1 Fiscal policy and the tax system 2 Inflation, interest rates and monetary policy Part C: international economic issues 1 International trade policy and tourism 2 International institutions 3 Exchange rates and internationalRead Morelegalizing gambling983 Words   |  4 Pagesof casino gambling is important because of all the benefits it will bring for the citizens of Texas. III. Jim Pitts, Texas House Appropriations Chairman, said that legalized casinos in Texas could bring in one billion dollars in the first two years and about four billion dollars each subsequent year (Stutz, 2010). IV. Legalizing casino gambling in the state of Texas would enhance society and will be beneficial for the entire state. V. First, the state of Texas loses much needed revenue to other

Gangsta Rap And Violence Essay Example For Students

Gangsta Rap And Violence Essay Stacey Hawkins English 2 sec. 34 11-21-96 Gangsta Rap and Violence Go Hand in Hand Mr. Officer, I want to see you layin in a coffin, sir, from The Chronic and F the police, from N.W.A., are few lyrics from the music genre gangsta rap. This kind of music is being sold to young children without any thought of concern. When many children listen to this kind of music they think that was being said in the songs is not wrong or against the law. The lyrics in many songs contain violent and explicit lyrics that usually talk about killing someone along with sounds of gunshots in the background. It is also music that refers to women as bitches, whores and sex-dispensing hos(Saunders B29). Gangsta rap has been criticized and debated over for its graphic sexual content, violent imagery and misogyny. When rappers were asked why they refer to women as bitches and hos their replies were similar. Snoop says, that it is just for the women who are like that and if youre a real women, youre classy and elegant. Those lyrics wouldnt necessarily affect you. Youd just groove to the music (Farley 78). Richard Shaw, Bushwick Bill, says: I call women bitches and hos because all the women Ive met since Ive been out here are bitches and hos. When asked, at the convention, what he calls his mother he says, I call her a woman, but Im not fing my mother. If I was fing you, youd be a bitch. He then apologized for what he said to the reporter. (Raspberry A21) If you dont give a f about a bitch/ Then youre rolling with the row, are lyrics from Doggystyle. If all people were to think like this what respect would women have. Some say, if we dont have respect for our women, why should anyone else? (Raspberry A21). Do these rappers think that they own women and can treat them any way they want to. If this is the way some people think, that the own women and can dis respect them then what footsteps are the children going to follow in. Young children and adults, 14, 15 and 16 years of age, who liste n and memorize these rap songs think that it is acceptable behavior. Gangsta rap is hardly the only source of violence, but it is a potent one. Not only is the music violent but the rappers lifestyle is also. Many rappers have rap sheets and young people see that and say, hey, their rich and money talks. Today most young people think that if a person is rich and famous they can get away with anything. Not all rappers have run-ins with the law, but the ones that do are very well known. Tupac Shakur, who recently was murdered this year, has had many run-ins with the law. Shakur was arrested for aggravated assault, charged with shooting two off duty police officers in Atlanta in 1993, but the charges were later dropped. He was accused of beating a limousine driver in Los Angeles and found guilty of threatening a fellow rapper with a baseball bat in Michigan. He was also found guilty of sexual abuse in 1994 and was serving time up to 4 ? years in prison (Sims E3). In some raps he glamor ized the life of a gangster and fun gunplay. He lived the life tattooed on his stomach, Thug Life, and died doing it. ?Gangsta Rap has attracted a high-profile of enemies and no one may ever know who really killed Tupak. The police are still not sure of who shot and killed Tupak, but they think that it may have been linked to Death Row Records ties with rival gangs. There are no witnesses who can identify the driver or shooter in the Cadillac that pulled up next to Tupak and driver, Marion Knight. Calvin Broadus, better known as Snoop Doggy Dogg, was arrested in 1993 on murder-conspiracy charges. He pleaded not guilty and was acquitted. He also has a police file that Hawkins 3 identifies him as a member of Long Beach Insane Crips, a notorious street gang (Cheevers A1). He was also a drug dealer and user. His music also glorifies violence and demeans women. Andre Young, a.k.a. Dr. Dre, served five months in a halfway house in 1993 for violating his probation for breaking another rap producers jaw in 1992. He was also convicted of hitting a New Orleans police officer in a hotel brawl and of slamming a TV talk-show host into a wall at a Hollywood club in 1991 (Sims E3). His music demeans women and generates bad vibes against police officials. The Chronic, an album by Dr. Dre and Snoop Doggy Dogg, has many explicit lyrics and unnecessary foulmouthing. In one song they say, that if f with Dre you f with death row, more or less saying that if anyone messes with them they will have to worry about everyone that is with Death Row Records. In the same song they tell a woman, referring to her as a bitch, to yell-187 (police code for someone that has been killed). In another song they ask anther black man why he has been talking crap about them, he says it was not he. Then they put a gun in his mouth asking him, whats wrong cant talk with a gun in your mouth?Do you know Lucifer?, he replies,no,and they tell him, well youre about to meet him(Rap). All of the songs on this album contain foulmouth language, violent and sexually explicit lyrics, drugs and misogyny. Is this the kind of music that young children should be able to listen to? William Drayton, Flavor Flav of the group Public Enemy, was arrested for attempted murder. The police were lead to his home after a source told them that shots were fired at a neighbor during an argument. The police found a loaded 38-caliber semiautomatic handgun with one round missing. His music also glorifies violence. Hawkins 4 Eric Wright, known as Easy-E, has also generated bad vibes against police officials. This album He died at 31 years of age after revealing that he had the virus AIDS. From his deathbed he urged young people to learn about the disease. His music also talked about having the lifestyle of being promiscuous and that lifestyle killed him. All of these rappers criminal records depict their lifestyles. They say that their music depicts the harsh reality of life in the hood. To these rappers, people dying young and going to jail is an everyday thing (Marriott 75). Tupak says that violence is all we know and telling it like it is is a way of getting the people to listen to what is really going on. Ice-Ts controversial album Body Count, produced by Warner Bros. Records, had provoked a sharp debate in 1992 when the album first came out. The song Cop Killer, with obscene and violent lyrics, forced Time Warner to stop selling the album with the song on it. The lyrics on the song said it was dedicated to the L.A.P.D. It also talked about dusting some cops off, with sounds of gun fire he then asks the listener to sing along for their freedom-cop killer (Ice Body). Cop Killer is not the on song on the album that glorifies violence. Even though the song was cut from the album the other songs on it were just as bad. Another song talks about killing his mother by setting her on fire, hitting her with a louieville slugger and then cutting her up with a carving knife, all because she was ra cist. Is this reality and was is really going on in the world today? In other songs the lyrics talk about being promiscuous (giving very explicit sex lyrics) and yet the album was still being sold to young children. Foulmouthed trash like this has been debated on whether or not it should be censored. Many think it should and are trying to do something about. Delores Tucker denounced Hawkins 5 companies that pimped porno rap to children. She asks, What would Martin Luther King say about these rappers that demean women and glorify thugs, drug dealers and rapists?, and What kind of role models are those for young children living in the ghetto? (Philips A18). U.S. Representative Cardiss Collins, a chairwomen of the congressional panel, complained that little was being done by the industry executive to cut out vulgar and violent lyrics. She said that a sticker is not enough (Congesswomen 7). Some censorship has been incorporated in the radio industry. Inner City Broadcasting has put a st op to playing hard-core rap and other misogynous and violent rap. It hopes to be a model for other radio stations to follow(Cleaning 22). Most radio stations now do not allow that kind of music on the air. Even though the radio has stopped playing hard-core rap, record companies are still producing this kind of music. Death Row Records, the top producer of rap music, has been under a lot of fire not only by Dolores Tucker, but by Bob Dole and others also. Death Row Records has recently had its own wake-up call. The companies CEO, Marion Suge Knight, has recently been arrested for violated his probation and is in jail. He was charged with assault with a deadly weapon in 1992 and was sentenced to five years probation plus 30 days in a halfway house. A hearing later will decide on what kind of sentence he will receive. Knight could face up to five to nine years in prison if convicted. The company may suffer a great loss because no business actions or even phone calls are allowed from p rison. Before he began his fortune as CEO he was an All-American defensive end and was on the deans list at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas. He the played pro-football for the Los Angeles Rams but later quit to become a concert promoter. Soon Hawkins 6 after this his run-ins with the law started with his arrest for trafficking guns. After other run-ins with the law Knight began recording The Chronic, which refers or a type of marijuana, with Dr. Dre. He then was approached by Interscope Records, who wanted him to produce records. He negotiated a $10 million deal to start up Death Row Records (Cheevers A1). Now Death Row Records is known as the only label that can do whatever they want. To some listeners Death Rows music is powerful and is also reality , but to others their music celebrates drugs, murderers and misogyny. The FBI says that this rap label has ties to gangs and drugs. They are still trying to determine wether the company was involved in cocaine-trafficking, money la undering and racketeering (Leeds B1). The FBI has been investigating Death Row Records and the individual members. Death Row Records is not the only record company to promote rap, Time Warner has also been producing rap records. Time Warner has pledged to do something about obscene and rude lyrics in rap music. The new chairman of Warner Music Group , Michael J. Fuchs, was asked to talk with critics of rap lyrics and to work with other record companies to come up with some regulations for warning labels (Landler D2). Warning labels have been placed on albums with provocative lyrics, but these warnings do little to prevent the lyrics from reaching children. The chairman and chief executive claims that music is not the cause of societys ills. That may be true but do they have an influence on the people that listen to the music. Many say yes and many say no. An experiment done by James D. Johnson shows that violent rap tends to perpetuate the acceptance of the use of violence and an an ti-education mind-set. He thinks that this kind of music should have some regulation. He refers to rap music being like nicotine- it is addictive; it is mood Hawkins 7 altering and it is available with some strains (Raspberry, Does A27). A person has to be 18 years old to buy cigarettes, rent X-rated movies, or get into a strip bar/nightclub and has to be 21 years old to drink or buy alcohol. There are age limits on these things that can endanger young people and there should also be a age limit on buying albums with explicit lyrics on them. Even though there is a warning label on the albums young children can still buy them because there is no law to prohibit sale. There are a lot of people who agree something should be done about the explicit lyrics on albums. Stanley Crouch, a music critic and writer, says that rappers are a bunch of opportunists who are appealing to an appetite that America has for vulgarity, violence and anarchy inside Afro America (Sims 3). Kevin Powell, a wri ter for Vibe magazine, believes that rap music is a legitimate art form, but thinks that the genre has gone too far and the music industry is to blame for not exercising some degree of control (Sims 3). He also thinks that it has made black children think that being hard is the definition for being black in the 1990s. There are many people who feel this way, but many rappers and defenders of rap disagree. Most rappers do not think that their music causes violence and that they have no influence on their listeners. Before Easy-E died his lawyer read a letter from the rapper that said, anyone could get AIDS, that it does not discriminate (Marriot 74). After the letter was read the Minority AIDS Project in South-Central Los Angeles reported a 80 percent increase in requests for AIDS testing. This was more of an increase than when Magic Johnson made his announcement (Marriot 74). His influence was seen in warning people about the AIDS virus just as Magic did when he found out he had HIV . Snoop says that he hopes that listeners will see that any black man out Hawkins 8 of the ghetto can do something positive with his life if he is dedicated (Farley 78). He also says that if parents were as strict as his that there would not be as much violence nowadays, yet he was in a gang, a drug dealer and user and he arrested for murder-conspiracy charges. Rapper Juice, half of the duo of Juice with Soul, says that listeners should realize that these rappers do not hang around the hard street life, they go home to their fancy cars and houses. Another rapper, Masta Ace, agreed with Juice, say that listeners should realize that rappers are creating characters to sell records. Biz Markie says that critics take it to seriously and it is strictly entertainment (Marriott, Hard-core A1+). Joseph Simmons, known as Run of Run D.M.C., says that he has seen a rise in disrespect to women lately. But he thinks that it has more to do with the parents rather than the rappers. M.C. Lyte, a pio neer among female rappers agrees that parents need to take more responsibility for how their children act and behave. She also thinks that rap should not be the blame for what young people are doing today because movies also show violence, rapes, and people being killed (Marroitt, Hard-core A1+). Russell Simmons, CEO of Def Jam Recordings, says that no truly in-touch person believes that the state of society is the result of rap music. He goes on to say that each type of music that comes later seems more violent than before. There was a time when everyone thought that rock and roll was the devils music. He says that many of these songs are like horror films and cannot be taken literally (Proffitt M2). He also points out the good views of rapthat it is so diverse and there is a lot of positive messages in the songs. Simmons thinks that rap is just expressing the outrage of there community. His most important point would be that when kids in Beverly Hills Hawkins 9 listen to rap they will know a little bit better how the kids in the ghettos think (Profitt M3). Other rap experts point out the genre turning points. In the 1990s the messages about black empowerment that started national slogans and the wearing of African pride medallions were replaced by messages of drug selling and survival in inner-city neighborhoods. The marketing strategy of the record companies began to promote label with images of black swaggering men carrying guns and drinking beer. This resulted the new gangsta look. This made young rappers that were hungry for fame and fortune take on the look of being thugs themselves. The move of raps homeland, New York, to the West Coast caused a dramatic change to the sound. People tend to miss the true skill rather that all the violence and how many people that get killed. Raps image is being tainted by all the scandals of the top rappers shakled in the courtrooms. The inspiration and energy from rap reflects what goes on in the streets and in black l ife in America (Williams B1+). Maxine Waters also agrees that gansta rap is a new art form to describe the pains, fear and frustations that young people express to adults. She also thinks that just because some people do not like the way the rappers use lyrics should not be a cause for censorship (Jet 7). A professor of black studies thinks that many rappers have distorted what black life really is and that white record companies are eager to sell black stereotypes. Rappers have distorted and divided black life and tried to incorporate it into street life. Now people are doing what they hear and they want to shoot people and be rich (Marroitt, Hard-core A1+). If this is true should not there be a warning label prohibiting sale to minors. Rap music that pimps pornography and violence to young children and that has messages of violence should have some kind of censorship. Defenders of rap say that censorship is taking Hawkins 10 away their right to free speech stated in The First Amen dment. The First Amendment states: Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press, or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances(McNally 29). Censoring music would be taking the right of free speech away. Most of the lyrics are protected by The First Amendment and cannot be censored on the albums or records. Censorship has been made in the radio industry so that the songs with explicit lyrics cannot be heard. Even though these rappers say that they are reflecting what really happen on the streets rappers before them do not have these explicit lyrics in their messages. Rappers such as Afrika Bambataa, Kurtis Blow, MC Shan and the Fat Boys used music for fun and release to show good-hearted territorial rivals. Now it is about guns, treating women like trash and drinking malt liquor. Rap has changed for the wor se taking the art form and transforming it into trash with some positive messages that are hard to grasp from the music. If the whole album is about death, violence, misogyny and drugs except for one or two songs, what kind of message is going to be placed first. If what can be heard on a porno film can be heard on a rap album, then the album should have a age limit for sale. Since there is no age limit on T.V., today many inventions are being made to prevent children from viewing violence and nudity. Is this not some form of censorship for children. If there is enough concern to censor programs on T.V. that contain violence and harsh language should there not be concern for children that listen to hard-core gangsta rap. Parents should take more responsibility for what there children listen to and view. Hawkins 11 Parents can take charge of what there children view on T.V. and listen to on the radio while they are in the house, but what kind of authority can they take when their chi ldren are not home. Parent cannot control the kind of music their children buy on their own. That is when it is left up to the law. Not taking away the rappers right to free speech, but rather prohibiting sale to minors just as cigarettes. There is only so much that parents can do to keep their children out of harm. Violence is a reality , but should it be preached about like it is okay and make it sound like fun and games. The answer is no and something should be done about it. BibliographyCheevers, Jack, Phillips, Chuck and Willian ,Frank B. Violence Top the Charts. L.A. Times 3 April 1995: A1+. Cleaning Up Violence on Radio. The New York Times 11 December 1993: 22. Congresswomen Square Off ON Issue Of Gangsta Rap. Jet 7 March 1994: 6-7. Farley, Christopher The Dogg Is Unleashed. Time 13 December 1993: vol.124, 78. Landler, Mark Time Warner Pledges Action On Rap Lyrics. The New York Times 19 May 1995: D2. Leeds, Jeff and Newton, Jim FBI Probing Rap Label for Ties to Gangs, Drugs. L.A. Times 28 September 1995: B1+. Marriot, Michel A Gangster Wake-up Call. News week 10 April 1995: vol.125, 74-6. Marriott, Michel Hard-core Rap Lyrics Stir Black Backlash. The New York Times 15 August 1993: A1+. McNally, Rand The Amendments to the Constitution. 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