Art as a Form of Creative Expression Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Workmanship as a Form of Creative Expression - Essay Example The most fascinating thing about workmanship is that it is culture-explicit and it recounts to its own story from a specific social point of view. Individuals having a place with various societies use craftsmanship to communicate and it shapes their conduct. For example, model or artistic creations can be utilized to communicate the lifestyle of a gathering of individuals who share a similar culture and qualities. As a rule, individuals who have a place with a specific culture relate to a specific sort of craftsmanship. The equivalent applies to music and move. The sort of music played by individuals having a place with various social gatherings shifts here and there since they have various societies. So as to comprehend the way of life of others, this can be just done through the utilization of their specialty items. The other significant viewpoint about craftsmanship is that it is a one of a kind formation of something that portrays the lives of the individuals in question. Music, for instance, is utilized to impart various parts of the life of a specific gathering of individuals. The music sort of individuals having a place with a specific gathering is shared by all individuals and it typically conveys significant messages about the lifestyle of these individuals. Workmanship can likewise be viewed as a type of diversion in various divisions of society. Through music and move, individuals are engaged while simultaneously getting the hang of something significant about the lifestyle of a specific gathering of people. Just like some other scholarly subject, it very well may be seen that craftsmanship is found out and the courses offered to vary contingent upon the sort of workmanship being instructed at a particular organization. Workmanship exercises can be offered through various stages and people can pick the zone of specialization from a lower level. There are likewise schools and colleges that offer different expert capabilities in workmanship considers . Craftsmanship is broadly perceived as an expert capability in various segments of society. It is a wellspring of business for some craftsmen who take part in making various antiquities. In that capacity, there are different estimates that are set up in various nations to ensure crafted by the craftsmen with the goal that they can appreciate the advantages of their innovativeness. Copyright laws are upheld in various nations in order to secure the results of the specialists. This is likewise intended to guarantee that the specialists keep on being inventive on the off chance that they are guaranteed of getting compensations from their difficult work. Responsibility for is significant since this assists with keeping deceitful individuals from getting a charge out of the advantages of different people’s work. This likewise assists with building up the workmanship business which is viewed as a wellspring of work in various social orders. The government assistance of numerous pe ople is improved through the production of various relics that thus are utilized as a type of articulation by various gatherings of individuals. Essentially, it tends to be presumed that the comprehension of workmanship is significant since it has a direction on the lives of individuals in various social orders. Craftsmanship is culture-explicit and it assists with recognizing one gathering of individuals from the other. Craftsmanship is likewise utilized as a one of a kind method of making a social character among various individuals.

Drama Essay: A Review of “Spring Awakening” Essay

I will audit the play titled, â€Å"Spring Awakening† by Fred Wedekind. This play was delivered by The Department of Performing Arts and Humanities of the School of Liberal Arts at and coordinated by Robert W. Oppel. I saw the play on March twentieth Q Building Theater. The play was brilliant and surpassed all desires because of the expert way the story was introduced. â€Å"Spring Awakening† is a melodic concerning young people who investigate their individual sexuality while living in an abusive culture. The setting happens in a strict, provincial town in Germany during the late nineteenth century. It contains issues of sexuality, religion, and training, yet in addition uncovered the boundaries among grown-ups and youngsters. Guardians are evidently strict; nonetheless, they abuse their youngsters. Also, they make adolescence additionally befuddling by prohibiting their youngsters to pose inquiries about their sexuality or talk about sex by and large. Different subjects included disgrace, sexual orientation, and specialists. The play likewise shows the ramifications for opposing what society thinks about good and worthy. There are three fundamental on-screen characters assuming rule jobs. Sinead Fahey, a newcomer to the Theater at CCBC, filled the role of Wendla. Her general execution was fabulous. She sang wonderfully, moved effortlessly, and gave a solid presentation all through the play. Sinead was all around cast and credible in her job. James Baxter, who filled the role of Melchior, is a returning entertainer at CCBC. James had his influence well, yet appeared to be somewhat saved in his character. It showed up he was not exactly as energetic as he could have been. Be that as it may, he moved and sang well and still conveyed a strong presentation. James was genuinely all around cast and to some degree reasonable in his job. The character Moritz was played by Christopher H. Zargarbashi. He moved on from Towson University with a degree in acting. Christopher’s execution was great and completely engaging to watch. Christopher was exact in the manner he passed on Moritz’s exceptional a nd apprehensive character. He was very much cast and amazingly reasonable while having his impact. The play contains a tense, important advancement. Blending the late nineteenth century period in with cutting edge highlights shows up new and unique. For example, when the entertainers talk in the play, they are in character during the late nineteenth century, yet become current artists during the melodic numbers. Furthermore, all the characters in the play dress in the fitting nineteenth century clothing, while the troupe dresses in cutting edge garments. Moreover, the best possible word usage is a complexity to the music which displays irreverence and cutting edge topics. It is a one of a kind and imaginative approach to communicate the story. Robert W. Oppel, made a satisfactory showing of coordinating the play. This is obvious in the manner that the entertainers efficiently, yet normally move. For instance, when the characters contact or associate genuinely, it isn't done in a cumbersome style, yet slow and loose. In any event, when they expel their receivers from their apparel, it is executed in a characteristic way. There are commonly when the characters remain superbly still and don't move at all during a scene. It was an astonishing and veritable showcase of ability. Surely, the topic of â€Å"Spring Awakening† could be pertinent to anybody. Persecution and subjects, for example, kid misuse, assault, self destruction, fetus removal, and homo-sexuality will consistently exist. Consequently, the play brings out the audience’s sympathy by delineating these individual battles among the young living in the nineteenth century. Basically, I unquestionably delighted in the play and was excited with the general understanding of live theater. I was distrustful from the start about whether I might want the story, yet was wonderfully astonished and overwhelmed by what I saw. I would enthusiastically prescribe this play to other people, particularly youthful grown-ups and grown-ups who are searching for a develop storyline. I would assuredly say I increased a regard for live theater. I offer credit to everybody included, particularly the on-screen characters and on-screen characters. They have just one opportunity to hit the nail on the head and hold the mental fortitude to act before a live crowd.

Turkey Banned Video Sharing Website Vimeo

Turkey Banned Video Sharing Website Vimeo Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!Turkey Banned Video Sharing Website Vimeo?Updated On 08/06/2018Author : Pradeep KumarTopic : TechnologyShort URL : http://bit.ly/2ozjiRp CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogQuite recently I came to know Turkey (officially as the Republic of Turkey) banned the popular video sharing website Vimeo.Vimeo is a respectful community of creative people who are passionate about sharing the videos they make. Vimeo is a video-sharing website on which users can upload, share, and view videos.It was founded by Zach Klein and Jakob Lodwick in November 2004.Its not a big news since Turkey banned YouTube several times since March 2007, even though the countrys President Abdullah Gül expressed his disapproval of the country’s blocking of YouTube. The screenshot shown below proves the title is right.But some people from Turkey say it might be due to copyright infringement or violating p olicy. It is just banned as a precaution for now.Screenshot Credit : @kitiarauthmatarAny of HBBs readers from Turkey!? Vimeo banned in Turkey for sure? Please share your opinions below. READAI in Education

black and blue book review - 1066 Words

Black and Blue: by Anna Quindlen The task assigned is a review of the book Black and Blue by Anna Quindlen. I will provide examples and summarize the main concepts of the book to include Intimate Partner Violence, Battering, and Intimate Terrorism. I will reference the text Family Violence, Across the Lifespan by Ola W. Barnett, Cindy Miller-Perrin, and Robin D. Perrin in order to support my theoretical claims. I will select a critical part of the book and explain why it was challenging to read and understand based on my perspective, and then select a character to analyze using one of the theoretical perspective. This book is sad and disturbing, the punishment inflicted on Fran by her husband Bobby Benedetto is unacceptable and†¦show more content†¦It is hard to analyze Bobby as a character by using one theoretical perspective but I am confident that Lenore Walker’s â€Å"Cycle of Violence Theory† (Barnett, Miller-Perrin, and Perrin 315) best describes Bobbyâ⠂¬â„¢s behaviors as a classic batterer. As defined, the theory has three phase’s, the first phase is â€Å"Tension Building†, minor incidents of violence, along with the build-up of anger, verbal put-downs, jealousy, threats, and breaking things. This phase could describe the initial escalation by Bobby to start intimidating Fran prior to their marriage. The second phase is the â€Å"Battering Phase†, where major violent outbursts occur like Bobby breaking Fran’s collarbone and nose. The last phase is the â€Å"Honeymoon Phase† where the perpetrator is remorseful and loving. There were times where this would apply, but Bobby was not consistently loving after he beat Fran, rather he would often attempt to downplay the intensity and effects or even blame Fran for causing the incident while downplaying his violence, and in some cases denying that it took place, as with the initial instance where Bobby explained that he â€Å"just came at you a lilâ⠂¬ . Even though socialization theories are not explored in the nearly 400 pages of this book, the most significant and understandable piece of information comes from a brief dialogue between Fran andShow MoreRelatedThe American Dream By Edgar Allan Poe1476 Words   |  6 Pagessecond section following mostly his aunt s, then the third is his father s. The fourth follows his mother s thoughts, and then again back to John s. By 1948, he was regularly publishing book reviews essays in periodicals such as New Leader, Commentary, and Partisan Review. When the strain of being a Black man amongst Whites and a homosexual amongst heterosexuals (He was at one point engaged to be married) became too much, Baldwin left the United States to join friends in exile to Paris. For theRead MoreBlack Music in Toni Morrisons Jazz Essay1728 Words   |  7 PagesAfrican American culture is distinguishable from other American cultures by its emphasis on music. This attention to music has produced two original forms, blues and jazz, and has developed distinctive traditions of others like gospel. Jazz is based mainly on one of these forms, namely –as the title infer- on jazz. This form pervades the whole book and provides not only subject and theme but also literary technique for the novel. Consequently, Jazz is not only the novel about the jazz era but also aRead MoreMedical Surgical Nursing : Assessment And Management Of Clinical Problem By Lewis, Dirksen, Heitkemper, And Bucher920 Words   |  4 PagesThe textbook or printed instruction I chose to review is an undergraduate nursing textbook. I chose this type of book because I am most familiar with the subject and have read and studied from several different publishers while obtaining my nursing degree. The textbook is Medical-Surgical Nursing: Assessment and Management of Clinical Problem by Lewis, Dirksen, Heitkemper, and Bucher (2014). I found this book on amazon.com and am able to preview several pages. This textbook focuses on medical-surgicalRead MoreDesigning The Cd Package Design1299 Words   |  6 Pagesalbum name. Then, added paint splatters and rendered them to make the model as a recognizable subject for the cover. In addition, I added the song titles and an excerpt inside the front sleeve of the cover. Furthermore, I used three colors: cerulean blue, chartreuse green, and indigo purple throughout the project. Lastly, I added a barcode, a record label logo, and fictitious information to make the entire CD package look realistic. Typography Calendars For the month of May, I created a calendar pageRead MoreBlack And Blues - Langston Hughes1623 Words   |  7 PagesKelsee Robinson Mrs. Fiene English 12 14 March 2017 Black and Blues – Langston Hughes The Harlem Renaissance was a time in history when the African American culture had one of its most influential movements by using creativity and the arts (Hutchinson 1). This movement took place between 1918 and 1937 and was shaped by both African American men and women through writing, theatre, visual arts, and music. The purpose of this movement was to change the white stereotypes that were associated withRead MoreEssay about Harlem Renaissance Poets: Countee Cullen and Langston Hughes1142 Words   |  5 Pagesfrom this period: Heritage, written by Countee Cullen, and The Weary Blues, written by Langston Hughes. There is a lot of mystery about the early life of Countee Cullen. He was adopted at age fifteen, and liked a singing of his adopting mother. According to Nelson (2000), that might be the reason why Cullen perceived poetry as muse-song. His role within the Harlem Renaissance was very significant. He was inspired by American black life and had written in conventional writing style. Through hisRead MoreEssay about Jazz and Culture1460 Words   |  6 Pagesthat suggests that talking about music is like dancing about literature. What words are sufficient to explain your favorite album to a person who cannot hear? There are none. James Baldwin, in his story â€Å"Sonny’s Blues,† does as well as anyone can: â€Å"Creole began to tell us what the blues were all about. They were not about anything very new. He and his boys up there were keeping it new, at the risk of ruin, destruction, madness, and death, in order to find new ways to make us listen. For, whileRead MoreFrank Lloyd Wrights An Kindergarten Math Standard Of Identifying And Identifying Shapes1731 Words   |  7 Pageslike and we will also review how to describe where a shape is, above, below, next to, on top of etc. We will make use of Frank Lloyd Wright’s artwork in order to review shapes and location. We will discuss the artwork as a class and talk about the shapes that we can identify in the artwork. We will then label the different shapes on the board as a class, to help children who are still learning the shapes by name. I will then ask the kids questions such as: Where is the big blue circle? Where is theRead More Rock n Roll 20th Century Culture Essay1465 Words   |  6 PagesMurray, the African-American musical tradition is â€Å"fundamentally stoical yet affirmative in spirit† (Star 3). Through the medium of the blues, African-Americans expressed a resilience of spirit which refused to be crippled by either poverty or racism. It is through music that the energies and dexterities of black American life are sounded and expressed (39). For the black culture in this country, the music of Basie or Ellington expressed a â€Å"wideawake, forward-tending† rhythm that one can not only danceRead MoreYou Can t Write An Honest Novel About Race1492 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"You can’t write an honest novel about race in this country. If you write about how people are really affected by race, it’ll be too obvious† (335). Americanah, however, is a novel full of social commentary on race and how it affects the lives of black immigrants, especially female immigrants. Adichie is aware of how race and gender work alongside each other and shape someone’s experience. The main protagonist of the story, Ifemelu constantly points this out. Since Americanah is a relatively new

Finding Scholarly Journal Articles for Research

Your professor may tell you that you’re required to use journal articles for your research paper. You read articles all the time in magazines—but you know that’s not the sort of article your professor is looking for. Scholarly articles are reports written by professional people who specialize in specific fields, like Caribbean history, British literature, underwater archaeology, and educational psychology. These reports are often published in hardbound periodical journals, which look much like encyclopedias. You’ll find a section of your library dedicated to journal collections. How to Find a Journal Article There is a difference between finding articles that exist and actually putting your hands on an article that you discover through a search. First, you find articles that exist. Then you figure out how to get access to them. You can find articles that exist by using a search engine. Through a search, you will find names and descriptions of articles out there in the world of academia. There will be special search engines loaded onto your library’s computers that generate article lists, based on your search criteria. If you are at home, you can use Google Scholar to search. To use Google Scholar, enter your topic and the word â€Å"journal† in the search box. (You enter the word journal to avoid getting books.) Example: Enter â€Å"squid beaks† and â€Å"journal† in the Google Scholar box and you will generate a list of journal articles that have something to do with squid beaks from: International Journal of ZoologyJournal of Field Ornithology Antarctic ScienceCanadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic ScienceMarine Mammal Science Once you have identified articles with a search, you may or may not be able to access the actual text online. If you are in a library, you will have better luck at this: you’ll be able to access articles that you can’t access at home because libraries have special access that individuals don’t. To make your life easier, ask a reference librarian for help getting to a full-text journal article online. Once you access the article online, print it out and take it home with you. Make sure you note enough information to cite the article. Finding Articles on the Shelves If the article is not available online, you may find that is published in a bound journal that is located on the shelves of your library (your library will have a list of journals it holds). When this happens, you simply find the right volume on the shelf and go to the correct page. Most researchers like to photocopy the entire article, but you might be happy just taking notes. Be sure to record page numbers and other information you’ll need for citations. Accessing Articles via Interlibrary Loans Your library may hold a number of bound journals, but no library contains every journal published. Libraries buy subscriptions to articles that they think their visitors will be most interested in finding. The good news is that you can request a printed copy of any article through a process called the interlibrary loan. If you discover an article that exists only in printed form, but it’s not in your own library, you’re still OK. A library official will help you by contacting another library and ordering a copy. This process takes a week or so, but it is a lifesaver!

How Governments Spend Tax Dollars - 1871 Words

SPECIAL TAXING DISTRICTS Citizens expect government to provide high quality, low-cost services through efficient use of public tax dollars. However, local governments with tight budgets and a multitude of needs vying for public funds often struggle to improve or even maintain services within their boundaries. Budget shortfalls may result in non-essential programs like parks, libraries and community colleges becoming severely underfunded or defunct, despite strong objections by citizens. County and city governments throughout the United States have increasingly responded to these difficulties by implementing special taxing districts (Turk, 2004). Special taxing districts are separate government entities, which typically administer a single service within a defined geographical boundary. Some districts provide a new service, while others acquire responsibilities once held by general-purpose governments. The services they provide are broad, ranging from essential functions like fire protection, highways, and ho spitals, to more obscure tasks of mosquito abatement and upkeep of cemeteries (U.S. Census Bureau, 2012). Since 1952, special taxing districts in the United States have increased over 200%, with 38,266 special districts comprising 40% of local government in 2012. During the same time, municipalities have increased slightly, while the number of townships and school districts both decline (U.S. Census Bureau, 2012). The structural changes in local government have beenShow MoreRelatedStrategies For Relieving The National Debt1041 Words   |  5 PagesThe Canadian government has many different strategies to relieving the national debt while being able to sustain the stability of the economy and its many markets. These different strategies include the government selling debts to the banks, wage and price increases, and fiscal and monetary policies. These policies are briefly mentioned and outlined in Chapter Eleven: Policy Matters. (DPE, 145,147) One strategy the government uses is selling their debts to other parties, usually the banks. It isRead MoreEssay about The Debt: An Economic Catastrophe853 Words   |  4 Pagescents of every tax dollar the federal government raises is used for interest payments alone on the debt. Though there have been operating surpluses within the federal government, they have been eaten up by the debt interest payments. Few people understand the devastating effects of compound interest. The debt, at a compound rate of 10%, doubles in seven years, quadruples in fourteen years, and is eight times as much in twenty-one years. This creates great difficulty for governments to slow the debtRead MoreThe Economic Benefits of Legalizing Marijuana1068 Words   |  5 Pagesconverse over how marijuana can benefit our nations failing economy as it has in the past. 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Although some people oppose that drugsRead MoreDetermining The Marginal Tax Bracket Essay1156 Words   |  5 PagesIf I had a friend who did not want to move up the tax br acket and take the raise, I would insure him that they would still be making more money with the raise. To explain the marginal tax bracket to my friend, I would first show them the chart. Even though their pay would move them to a greater bracket, they only have to pay a partial percentage of the dollar amount they bring in for income. Everyone pays a percent of each income bracket range they are in this is different from someone paying theRead MoreThe Budget Of The Federal Budget867 Words   |  4 Pagesspending. Thus the public is uniformed about how much money is spent on certain programs such as Social Security, Medicare, and Medicaid. In Red Ink, David Wessel offers a comprehensive view about what consists of the federal budget, how the government receives revenues, and how the government spends this money. The book begins by summarizing the federal budget. Wessel starts by headlining that the U.S government is spending an incomprehensible â€Å"400 million dollars an hour, more than $30,000 per AmericanRead MoreCanadian Government : The Canadian Economy1195 Words   |  5 PagesOver the years the Canadian government continuously tries to create multiple ways to help progress the economy. Currently the government is doing a poor job improving the economy, however, it has potential to positively develop in the future. The Canadian government is negatively influencing the economy due to the decrease in value of the Canadian dollar, lack of regulation on policies, and the current position of the business cycle in Canada. However, the Canadian government demonstrates potential improvementsRead MoreLottery Is Good or Not1635 Words   |  7 PagesIs lottery a good idea? These days, a lot of people play lottery and spend a certain amount of money on it while few of them earn back what they spend. Someone says lottery is a kind of tax collected by the government on peoples’ luck and desire to be rich. In another aspect, lottery is also gambling, and it could make people to be a millionaire in a night if the person is lucky enough, however, it has a negative effect that it causes inequality, crimes and so on. So lottery is not a positive ideaRead MoreThe Economic Issues Of New Zealand Essay1563 Words   |  7 PagesEducation and health 2 labour markets 3 Sport and game theory 4 Energy market and climate change 5 Traffic jams, innovation and music quotas Part: Macroeconomic issues 1 Fiscal policy and the tax system 2 Inflation, interest rates and monetary policy Part C: international economic issues 1 International trade policy and tourism 2 International institutions 3 Exchange rates and internationalRead Morelegalizing gambling983 Words   |  4 Pagesof casino gambling is important because of all the benefits it will bring for the citizens of Texas. III. Jim Pitts, Texas House Appropriations Chairman, said that legalized casinos in Texas could bring in one billion dollars in the first two years and about four billion dollars each subsequent year (Stutz, 2010). IV. Legalizing casino gambling in the state of Texas would enhance society and will be beneficial for the entire state. V. First, the state of Texas loses much needed revenue to other

Gangsta Rap And Violence Essay Example For Students

Gangsta Rap And Violence Essay Stacey Hawkins English 2 sec. 34 11-21-96 Gangsta Rap and Violence Go Hand in Hand Mr. Officer, I want to see you layin in a coffin, sir, from The Chronic and F the police, from N.W.A., are few lyrics from the music genre gangsta rap. This kind of music is being sold to young children without any thought of concern. When many children listen to this kind of music they think that was being said in the songs is not wrong or against the law. The lyrics in many songs contain violent and explicit lyrics that usually talk about killing someone along with sounds of gunshots in the background. It is also music that refers to women as bitches, whores and sex-dispensing hos(Saunders B29). Gangsta rap has been criticized and debated over for its graphic sexual content, violent imagery and misogyny. When rappers were asked why they refer to women as bitches and hos their replies were similar. Snoop says, that it is just for the women who are like that and if youre a real women, youre classy and elegant. Those lyrics wouldnt necessarily affect you. Youd just groove to the music (Farley 78). Richard Shaw, Bushwick Bill, says: I call women bitches and hos because all the women Ive met since Ive been out here are bitches and hos. When asked, at the convention, what he calls his mother he says, I call her a woman, but Im not fing my mother. If I was fing you, youd be a bitch. He then apologized for what he said to the reporter. (Raspberry A21) If you dont give a f about a bitch/ Then youre rolling with the row, are lyrics from Doggystyle. If all people were to think like this what respect would women have. Some say, if we dont have respect for our women, why should anyone else? (Raspberry A21). Do these rappers think that they own women and can treat them any way they want to. If this is the way some people think, that the own women and can dis respect them then what footsteps are the children going to follow in. Young children and adults, 14, 15 and 16 years of age, who liste n and memorize these rap songs think that it is acceptable behavior. Gangsta rap is hardly the only source of violence, but it is a potent one. Not only is the music violent but the rappers lifestyle is also. Many rappers have rap sheets and young people see that and say, hey, their rich and money talks. Today most young people think that if a person is rich and famous they can get away with anything. Not all rappers have run-ins with the law, but the ones that do are very well known. Tupac Shakur, who recently was murdered this year, has had many run-ins with the law. Shakur was arrested for aggravated assault, charged with shooting two off duty police officers in Atlanta in 1993, but the charges were later dropped. He was accused of beating a limousine driver in Los Angeles and found guilty of threatening a fellow rapper with a baseball bat in Michigan. He was also found guilty of sexual abuse in 1994 and was serving time up to 4 ? years in prison (Sims E3). In some raps he glamor ized the life of a gangster and fun gunplay. He lived the life tattooed on his stomach, Thug Life, and died doing it. ?Gangsta Rap has attracted a high-profile of enemies and no one may ever know who really killed Tupak. The police are still not sure of who shot and killed Tupak, but they think that it may have been linked to Death Row Records ties with rival gangs. There are no witnesses who can identify the driver or shooter in the Cadillac that pulled up next to Tupak and driver, Marion Knight. Calvin Broadus, better known as Snoop Doggy Dogg, was arrested in 1993 on murder-conspiracy charges. He pleaded not guilty and was acquitted. He also has a police file that Hawkins 3 identifies him as a member of Long Beach Insane Crips, a notorious street gang (Cheevers A1). He was also a drug dealer and user. His music also glorifies violence and demeans women. Andre Young, a.k.a. Dr. Dre, served five months in a halfway house in 1993 for violating his probation for breaking another rap producers jaw in 1992. He was also convicted of hitting a New Orleans police officer in a hotel brawl and of slamming a TV talk-show host into a wall at a Hollywood club in 1991 (Sims E3). His music demeans women and generates bad vibes against police officials. The Chronic, an album by Dr. Dre and Snoop Doggy Dogg, has many explicit lyrics and unnecessary foulmouthing. In one song they say, that if f with Dre you f with death row, more or less saying that if anyone messes with them they will have to worry about everyone that is with Death Row Records. In the same song they tell a woman, referring to her as a bitch, to yell-187 (police code for someone that has been killed). In another song they ask anther black man why he has been talking crap about them, he says it was not he. Then they put a gun in his mouth asking him, whats wrong cant talk with a gun in your mouth?Do you know Lucifer?, he replies,no,and they tell him, well youre about to meet him(Rap). All of the songs on this album contain foulmouth language, violent and sexually explicit lyrics, drugs and misogyny. Is this the kind of music that young children should be able to listen to? William Drayton, Flavor Flav of the group Public Enemy, was arrested for attempted murder. The police were lead to his home after a source told them that shots were fired at a neighbor during an argument. The police found a loaded 38-caliber semiautomatic handgun with one round missing. His music also glorifies violence. Hawkins 4 Eric Wright, known as Easy-E, has also generated bad vibes against police officials. This album He died at 31 years of age after revealing that he had the virus AIDS. From his deathbed he urged young people to learn about the disease. His music also talked about having the lifestyle of being promiscuous and that lifestyle killed him. All of these rappers criminal records depict their lifestyles. They say that their music depicts the harsh reality of life in the hood. To these rappers, people dying young and going to jail is an everyday thing (Marriott 75). Tupak says that violence is all we know and telling it like it is is a way of getting the people to listen to what is really going on. Ice-Ts controversial album Body Count, produced by Warner Bros. Records, had provoked a sharp debate in 1992 when the album first came out. The song Cop Killer, with obscene and violent lyrics, forced Time Warner to stop selling the album with the song on it. The lyrics on the song said it was dedicated to the L.A.P.D. It also talked about dusting some cops off, with sounds of gun fire he then asks the listener to sing along for their freedom-cop killer (Ice Body). Cop Killer is not the on song on the album that glorifies violence. Even though the song was cut from the album the other songs on it were just as bad. Another song talks about killing his mother by setting her on fire, hitting her with a louieville slugger and then cutting her up with a carving knife, all because she was ra cist. Is this reality and was is really going on in the world today? In other songs the lyrics talk about being promiscuous (giving very explicit sex lyrics) and yet the album was still being sold to young children. Foulmouthed trash like this has been debated on whether or not it should be censored. Many think it should and are trying to do something about. Delores Tucker denounced Hawkins 5 companies that pimped porno rap to children. She asks, What would Martin Luther King say about these rappers that demean women and glorify thugs, drug dealers and rapists?, and What kind of role models are those for young children living in the ghetto? (Philips A18). U.S. Representative Cardiss Collins, a chairwomen of the congressional panel, complained that little was being done by the industry executive to cut out vulgar and violent lyrics. She said that a sticker is not enough (Congesswomen 7). Some censorship has been incorporated in the radio industry. Inner City Broadcasting has put a st op to playing hard-core rap and other misogynous and violent rap. It hopes to be a model for other radio stations to follow(Cleaning 22). Most radio stations now do not allow that kind of music on the air. Even though the radio has stopped playing hard-core rap, record companies are still producing this kind of music. Death Row Records, the top producer of rap music, has been under a lot of fire not only by Dolores Tucker, but by Bob Dole and others also. Death Row Records has recently had its own wake-up call. The companies CEO, Marion Suge Knight, has recently been arrested for violated his probation and is in jail. He was charged with assault with a deadly weapon in 1992 and was sentenced to five years probation plus 30 days in a halfway house. A hearing later will decide on what kind of sentence he will receive. Knight could face up to five to nine years in prison if convicted. The company may suffer a great loss because no business actions or even phone calls are allowed from p rison. Before he began his fortune as CEO he was an All-American defensive end and was on the deans list at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas. He the played pro-football for the Los Angeles Rams but later quit to become a concert promoter. Soon Hawkins 6 after this his run-ins with the law started with his arrest for trafficking guns. After other run-ins with the law Knight began recording The Chronic, which refers or a type of marijuana, with Dr. Dre. He then was approached by Interscope Records, who wanted him to produce records. He negotiated a $10 million deal to start up Death Row Records (Cheevers A1). Now Death Row Records is known as the only label that can do whatever they want. To some listeners Death Rows music is powerful and is also reality , but to others their music celebrates drugs, murderers and misogyny. The FBI says that this rap label has ties to gangs and drugs. They are still trying to determine wether the company was involved in cocaine-trafficking, money la undering and racketeering (Leeds B1). The FBI has been investigating Death Row Records and the individual members. Death Row Records is not the only record company to promote rap, Time Warner has also been producing rap records. Time Warner has pledged to do something about obscene and rude lyrics in rap music. The new chairman of Warner Music Group , Michael J. Fuchs, was asked to talk with critics of rap lyrics and to work with other record companies to come up with some regulations for warning labels (Landler D2). Warning labels have been placed on albums with provocative lyrics, but these warnings do little to prevent the lyrics from reaching children. The chairman and chief executive claims that music is not the cause of societys ills. That may be true but do they have an influence on the people that listen to the music. Many say yes and many say no. An experiment done by James D. Johnson shows that violent rap tends to perpetuate the acceptance of the use of violence and an an ti-education mind-set. He thinks that this kind of music should have some regulation. He refers to rap music being like nicotine- it is addictive; it is mood Hawkins 7 altering and it is available with some strains (Raspberry, Does A27). A person has to be 18 years old to buy cigarettes, rent X-rated movies, or get into a strip bar/nightclub and has to be 21 years old to drink or buy alcohol. There are age limits on these things that can endanger young people and there should also be a age limit on buying albums with explicit lyrics on them. Even though there is a warning label on the albums young children can still buy them because there is no law to prohibit sale. There are a lot of people who agree something should be done about the explicit lyrics on albums. Stanley Crouch, a music critic and writer, says that rappers are a bunch of opportunists who are appealing to an appetite that America has for vulgarity, violence and anarchy inside Afro America (Sims 3). Kevin Powell, a wri ter for Vibe magazine, believes that rap music is a legitimate art form, but thinks that the genre has gone too far and the music industry is to blame for not exercising some degree of control (Sims 3). He also thinks that it has made black children think that being hard is the definition for being black in the 1990s. There are many people who feel this way, but many rappers and defenders of rap disagree. Most rappers do not think that their music causes violence and that they have no influence on their listeners. Before Easy-E died his lawyer read a letter from the rapper that said, anyone could get AIDS, that it does not discriminate (Marriot 74). After the letter was read the Minority AIDS Project in South-Central Los Angeles reported a 80 percent increase in requests for AIDS testing. This was more of an increase than when Magic Johnson made his announcement (Marriot 74). His influence was seen in warning people about the AIDS virus just as Magic did when he found out he had HIV . Snoop says that he hopes that listeners will see that any black man out Hawkins 8 of the ghetto can do something positive with his life if he is dedicated (Farley 78). He also says that if parents were as strict as his that there would not be as much violence nowadays, yet he was in a gang, a drug dealer and user and he arrested for murder-conspiracy charges. Rapper Juice, half of the duo of Juice with Soul, says that listeners should realize that these rappers do not hang around the hard street life, they go home to their fancy cars and houses. Another rapper, Masta Ace, agreed with Juice, say that listeners should realize that rappers are creating characters to sell records. Biz Markie says that critics take it to seriously and it is strictly entertainment (Marriott, Hard-core A1+). Joseph Simmons, known as Run of Run D.M.C., says that he has seen a rise in disrespect to women lately. But he thinks that it has more to do with the parents rather than the rappers. M.C. Lyte, a pio neer among female rappers agrees that parents need to take more responsibility for how their children act and behave. She also thinks that rap should not be the blame for what young people are doing today because movies also show violence, rapes, and people being killed (Marroitt, Hard-core A1+). Russell Simmons, CEO of Def Jam Recordings, says that no truly in-touch person believes that the state of society is the result of rap music. He goes on to say that each type of music that comes later seems more violent than before. There was a time when everyone thought that rock and roll was the devils music. He says that many of these songs are like horror films and cannot be taken literally (Proffitt M2). He also points out the good views of rapthat it is so diverse and there is a lot of positive messages in the songs. Simmons thinks that rap is just expressing the outrage of there community. His most important point would be that when kids in Beverly Hills Hawkins 9 listen to rap they will know a little bit better how the kids in the ghettos think (Profitt M3). Other rap experts point out the genre turning points. In the 1990s the messages about black empowerment that started national slogans and the wearing of African pride medallions were replaced by messages of drug selling and survival in inner-city neighborhoods. The marketing strategy of the record companies began to promote label with images of black swaggering men carrying guns and drinking beer. This resulted the new gangsta look. This made young rappers that were hungry for fame and fortune take on the look of being thugs themselves. The move of raps homeland, New York, to the West Coast caused a dramatic change to the sound. People tend to miss the true skill rather that all the violence and how many people that get killed. Raps image is being tainted by all the scandals of the top rappers shakled in the courtrooms. The inspiration and energy from rap reflects what goes on in the streets and in black l ife in America (Williams B1+). Maxine Waters also agrees that gansta rap is a new art form to describe the pains, fear and frustations that young people express to adults. She also thinks that just because some people do not like the way the rappers use lyrics should not be a cause for censorship (Jet 7). A professor of black studies thinks that many rappers have distorted what black life really is and that white record companies are eager to sell black stereotypes. Rappers have distorted and divided black life and tried to incorporate it into street life. Now people are doing what they hear and they want to shoot people and be rich (Marroitt, Hard-core A1+). If this is true should not there be a warning label prohibiting sale to minors. Rap music that pimps pornography and violence to young children and that has messages of violence should have some kind of censorship. Defenders of rap say that censorship is taking Hawkins 10 away their right to free speech stated in The First Amen dment. The First Amendment states: Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press, or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances(McNally 29). Censoring music would be taking the right of free speech away. Most of the lyrics are protected by The First Amendment and cannot be censored on the albums or records. Censorship has been made in the radio industry so that the songs with explicit lyrics cannot be heard. Even though these rappers say that they are reflecting what really happen on the streets rappers before them do not have these explicit lyrics in their messages. Rappers such as Afrika Bambataa, Kurtis Blow, MC Shan and the Fat Boys used music for fun and release to show good-hearted territorial rivals. Now it is about guns, treating women like trash and drinking malt liquor. Rap has changed for the wor se taking the art form and transforming it into trash with some positive messages that are hard to grasp from the music. If the whole album is about death, violence, misogyny and drugs except for one or two songs, what kind of message is going to be placed first. If what can be heard on a porno film can be heard on a rap album, then the album should have a age limit for sale. Since there is no age limit on T.V., today many inventions are being made to prevent children from viewing violence and nudity. Is this not some form of censorship for children. If there is enough concern to censor programs on T.V. that contain violence and harsh language should there not be concern for children that listen to hard-core gangsta rap. Parents should take more responsibility for what there children listen to and view. Hawkins 11 Parents can take charge of what there children view on T.V. and listen to on the radio while they are in the house, but what kind of authority can they take when their chi ldren are not home. Parent cannot control the kind of music their children buy on their own. That is when it is left up to the law. Not taking away the rappers right to free speech, but rather prohibiting sale to minors just as cigarettes. There is only so much that parents can do to keep their children out of harm. Violence is a reality , but should it be preached about like it is okay and make it sound like fun and games. The answer is no and something should be done about it. BibliographyCheevers, Jack, Phillips, Chuck and Willian ,Frank B. Violence Top the Charts. L.A. Times 3 April 1995: A1+. Cleaning Up Violence on Radio. The New York Times 11 December 1993: 22. Congresswomen Square Off ON Issue Of Gangsta Rap. Jet 7 March 1994: 6-7. Farley, Christopher The Dogg Is Unleashed. Time 13 December 1993: vol.124, 78. Landler, Mark Time Warner Pledges Action On Rap Lyrics. The New York Times 19 May 1995: D2. Leeds, Jeff and Newton, Jim FBI Probing Rap Label for Ties to Gangs, Drugs. L.A. Times 28 September 1995: B1+. Marriot, Michel A Gangster Wake-up Call. News week 10 April 1995: vol.125, 74-6. Marriott, Michel Hard-core Rap Lyrics Stir Black Backlash. The New York Times 15 August 1993: A1+. McNally, Rand The Amendments to the Constitution. The American Patriots Handbook Chicago/New York/San Francisco 1993: 29. Phillips, Chuck Anti-Rap Crusader Under Fire. L.A. Times 20 March 1996: A1+. Profitt, Steve Defending the Art of Communication Known as Rap. L.A. Times 27 August 1995: M3. The Rap Lyrics Page. Online. http://home.worldonline.nl/~zoftw/lyrics.ntm. Raspberry, William Does Rap Music Need a Warning Label? The Washington Post 24 June 1994: A27. Raspberry, William Foulmouthed Trash. The Washington Post 30 July 1993: A21. Saunders, Michael Gangsta Warfare. Boston Globe 10 March 1996: B29. BibliographySims, Calvin Gangster Pappers: The Lives, The Lyrics. The New York Times 28 September 1993: E3. T, Ice. Cop Killer. Body Count. New York: Warner Bros. 1992. Will iams, Frank B. How Rap Music Got Its Bad Rap. L.A. Times 13 January 1995: B1+. Work Consulted Barron, James After Day as Defendant, Rapper Becomes Victim. The New York Times 1 December 1994: A1+. Britt, Donna Making a Killing Off Gangsta Music. The Washington Post 5 November 1993: B1+. Chappell, Kevin Whats Wrong (and Right) About Black Music. Ebony September 1995: vol. 50, 25-6+. Dunhan, Richard S., Oneal, Michael Gunning for the Gangstas. Bussiness Week 19 June 1995: 41. Hamilton, Kendall Double Trouble for 2pac. Newsweek 12 December 1994: vol. 124, 62-3. Hewitt, Bill Rapper Sheets. People Weekly 6 December 1993: vol. 40, 89-90. Jenkins, Holman W. Jr. Its Got a Catchy Beat, but Not Enough Violence. Wall Street Journal 17 September 1996: A19. Jones, Charisse For a Rapper, Life and Art Convergen in Violence. The New York Times 1 December 1994: B3+. Klinghoffer, David See No Evil. National Review 24 January 1994: vol. 46, 73-4. Leland, John Criminal Records. Newsweek 29 November 1993 : vol. 122, 60-4. Leland, John The Word on the Street Is Heard in the Beat. Newsweek 11 May 1994: 52-3. Marsh, Dave Cops n Gangtas. The Nation 26 June 1995: vol. 260, 908-9. Marriot, Michel Shots Silence, Angry Voice Sharpened by the Streets. The New York Times 16 September 1996: A1+. McAdams, Janice Its Not Gangsta Rap, but It Is Raunchy. The New York Times 14 August 1995: D6. Obituary. People Weekly 10 April 1995: vol. 43, 93. Rose, Tricia Rap Music and the Demonization of Young Black Males. USA Today May 1994: vol. 122, 35-6. Works Consulted Rule, Sheila Generation Rap. The New York Times Magazine 3 April 1994: 40-5. Staples, Brent How Long Can Rap Survive. The New York Times 22 September 1996: E12. Tate, Greg Above and Beyond Raps Decibels. The New York Times 6 March 1994: 1+. Trachtenberg, Jeffrey A. Time Warner Sells Its 50 Interest in Record Label Under Fire For Rap. Wall Street Journal 17 September 1996: A19. The United States Of Violence. USA Today May 1994: vol. 122, 22-42 +. Women and Gangsta Rap. Glamour June 1994: vol. 92, 93. Zoglin, Richard A Company Under Fire. Time 12 June 1995: vol. 145, 37-9. Huckleberry Finn Persuasive Essay

The Eating Disorder

There is increased eating disorder on various groups of people and especially the middle aged adolescent group. The eating disorders cause great morbidity and premature mortality risks mostly to young adolescent girls and women. Currently there are no solid proofs for the real causes of the eating disorders.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Eating Disorder – Anorexia Nervosa specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The current high eating disorder prevalence among young adolescent men and women have triggered a need for the search for modifiable risks factors that will help in explaining the causes of the disorder and how it can be mitigated. Psychologists have associated the eating disorder to some psychological, socio-cultural and biological factors. This eating disorder is referred as Anorexia nervosa. The disorder is characterized by self eating denial commonly accompanied by excess body weight los s. Anorexia nervosa is identified when an individual weighs 15% less than his/her body weight (Klein, Schebendach, Gershkovich, Bodell, Foltin Walsh, 2010). There is no exact known cause of Anorexia nervosa. Nevertheless, researchers have associated the disorder to be a resultant of some environmental conditions, personality traits, emotions and thinking patterns or some biological factors. In summary, the causes of Anorexia nervosa have been categorized into three classes by researchers. The causes are biological, socio-cultural or biological. Researchers attribute overlapping socio-cultural accounts to include the tripartite pressure and dual pathway. Research has shown that a lot of pressure from pears, family and mass media has a tendency to trigger body dissatisfaction and eating disorders directly and also through two mediating mechanisms. These mechanisms involve internalization of unrealistic and ideal societal attractiveness. An example for this is where ultra-thinness is considered as the ideal beauty for women. This entails from the tendency for an individual to frequently compare his/her physical appearance with pears or media ideals.Advertising Looking for research paper on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The other mechanism is where one suffers from elevation in negative effect. It has been noted that appearances pressure from the mass media, family or pears has been caused by social sanctioned attractiveness ideals that cause one to be dissatisfied with her/his body. Consequently, body dissatisfaction eventually leads to eating disorders symptoms over time. It is perceived that plumb girls that have internalized ultra-thin ideals for attractiveness for women are vulnerable to later increases in disturbances that will affect their eating habit. Researchers have identified that women often engage in frequent appearance comparisons than men and this makes them suffer from body di ssatisfaction more than their counterparts’ men. This reason explains why there are many women that suffer from eating disorders than men. Weight and body dissatisfaction have been highlighted as the major causes of eating disorders. It is noted that majority of the people that suffer from anorexia disorder are those that suffer from low-self esteem. This is because adolescent girls or boys that suffer from low self esteem will most likely have a tendency to compare their physical appearance with those of their pears or media models and often consider their appearances as being inferior. Most TV models and particularly in western cultures associate ultra-thinness with beauty for women. Therefore those adolescent girls that are plumb and suffer from low self esteem may tend to being dissatisfied with their bodies hence developing eating disorders (Hoeken, Veling, Smink Hoek, 2010).). There are some psychologists that consider those people that suffer from Anorexia nervosa not to have emotions. They regard them not to have emotions because those people that suffer from anorexia nervosa appear at first to be confused and behave as though they are not sure of their emotions.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Eating Disorder – Anorexia Nervosa specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This condition is referred as alexithymia that denotes a condition of difficulty in recognizing and expressing one’s emotional states. Some researchers have linked the alexithymia condition with fluctuations in mood rather than eating disorders. Nevertheless, researchers have pointed a very close relationship between alexithymia and measures of depression and anxiety. The research also reveals that alexithymia is common for many people that have depression and suffered from the eating disorder. This assumption have raised a lot of concern since many scholars are questioning how people suffe ring from eating disorders can have a problem in identifying other emotions such as anger and fear. This concern has raised a lot of interest on the subject. This dilemma has lead to some researchers linking the cause of Anorexia as a result of a means of escaping painful affects. According to Jackson Chen (2011), there is a model developed by Cooper that postulates positive beliefs about eating. The positive belief of vomiting was determined to help the self to dissociate from the emotional distress that is caused by existence of negative beliefs. However, further distress occurs because of the existence of the negative belief about eating that perceives eating will make one gain weight. This causes a conflict in an individual that result to a cognitive dissonance which makes them belief that their eating disorder is out of their control (Fox, 2009). There are two types of eating disorders which are primarily restriction of food that is considered as an emotional avoider and vomit ing which is taken as a suppresser of the emotion. People suffering from eating disorder are known to suppress anger much more than controls.Advertising Looking for research paper on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It is believed that suppression of negative emotions predicts body dissatisfaction. Various researches showed that women who were diagnosed with anorexia norverso recorded higher anger scores and anger suppression scores than controls. Researchers were unable to identify the reason why anger was a difficult emotion, but assumed that the anger was a means of protecting the participants’ relationships. Similarly, researchers also noted higher level of other emotions such as anxiety and fear among those people that suffer from Anorexia norverso. Moreover those people that suffer from eating disorder were noted to be highly disgust sensitive and particularly for their bodies and food (Karatzias, Chouliara, Power, Collins Grierson, 2010).). Anorexia nervosa is mostly considered as a heredity disorder that runs in families. Many researches conducted reveal that many of those patients that suffer from the disorder have relatives who have ever had the disorder. Anorexia nervosa has vital short time and long time physical, psychological and sociological affects. The eating disorder makes bodies of people suffering from Anorexia nervosa struggle to manage insufficient calories and nutrients. Most Anorexia nervosa patients are known to experience constipations, abdominal pains, dry, yellow colored skin, dizziness and disrupted menstrual cycles. When the eating disorder continues over a long period of time, the patient can develop osteoporosis, infertility, heart problems, anemia, and neurological problems among others. Osteoporosis is a condition that makes the density of bones to reduce. This is a very dangerous condition because it can make the victims vulnerable to painful fractures especially in the hip and spine. In addition, it leads to loss of height and continuous disabling pain. People that suffer from Anorexia nervosa for a long period of time deprive their bodies essential nutrients and minerals such as calcium that are responsible for making bones to grow and become strong. The most affected people are adolescents since most eating disorders develops from age 13 through out the teenage period. Eating disorder during this age is very serious since it is the period when the bones of the adolescents are developing and reaching their peak strengths. Therefore, denying the body necessary nutrients through Anorexia nervosa can lead to serious health issues as aforementioned above (Soban, 2010). Eating disorder has been noted to cause disruption in the menstrual cycle. Prolonged Anorexia nervosa may lead to infertility. Infertility occurs in women suffering from anorexia nervosa when their body fats drops drastically, thus inhibiting the production of estrogen hormone that is needed to stimulate ovulation. Most of those women that develop infertility as a result of Anorexia nervosa regain their fertility once they resume eating well and after gaining some weight. Anorexia nervosa is also known to cause heart problems and anemia. The he art develops problems due to wearing out of the fat that protects the heart from injury. Severe anorexia nervosa results to weakening of the heart muscle that in turn weakens the heart. Consequently, the weakening of the heart muscles leads to low blood pressure and pulse which eventually leads to a slower rate of breathing. People who suffer from severe anorexia nervosa can consequently develop nerve damage which will in turn affect the brain. The damaging of the nerves can lead one to suffer from a state of confusion, seizures, numbness and peripheral neuropathy. Some people regain their normal status when they start eating well and after regaining some weight, although in some cases some damages is permanent (Sang, Jaussent, Raingeard Bringer, 2010). People that suffer from Anorexia nervosa are known to possess interpersonal distress. The interpersonal problems are believed to be caused by the physical and psychological problems that are associated with patients that suffer from anorexia nervosa such as low-self esteem, perfectionism and physical impairment. For instance, some people that suffer from anorexia nervosa are noted to demand so much from others. Such situation makes people to pull away from them such that they are left in isolation. Such isolation makes these patients develop hostility towards other people and disaffiliation. Alternatively, the isolation can lead them to develop a desperate need for others and intrusiveness. Both these two situations lead to strained relationships and social functioning impairment (Hartmann, Zeeck Barrett, 2010). Anorexia nervosa is heterogeneous. It affects both men and women. Nevertheless, there is a difference in the way men and women differ in the manner in which they view their body image, dieting and what motivates them to exercise. The image relayed by the mass media about how ideal men should appear is totally different to the message the mass media give about how ideal beautiful women should look like . The media portrays ultra-thinness as the beauty for women, while it portals that men should be masculine in order to be liked by women. One symptom of anorexia nervosa in men is excessive exercise. The effects of anorexia nervosa in men include the loss of approximately 20% of weight which is very dangerous to their health. This is because men possess less fat than women and therefore when they loss weight they loss more of their muscles than fat. Men that suffer from anorexia nervosa have interpersonal problems and most of them opt to live single lives. Most of those that marry may opt not to get children. Severe anorexia in men is also noted to cause infertility in men since it greatly reduces the level of the testosterone. Moreover, anorexia nervosa in men has been associated with lack of sexual identity in men. This can be linked to the reason why majority of those men that are diagnosed with the disorder are mostly homosexual or heterosexual (Lindblad, Lindberg, Hjern, 2006). Reference List Fox, J. (2009). A Qualitative Exploration of the Perception of Emotions in Anorexia  Nervosa: A Basic Emotion and Developmental Perspective. Clinical Psychology  and Psychotherapy,16, 276–302. Hartmann, A., Zeeck, A. Barrett, M. (2010). Interpersonal Problems in Eating  Disorders. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 43, 619–627. Hoeken D., Veling, W., Smink, F. Hoek, H. (2010).The Incidence of Anorexia  Nervosa in Netherlands Antilles Immigrants in the  Netherlands. Eating Disorders Association, 18, 399–403. Jackson, T. Chen, H. (2011).Risk Factors for Disordered Eating During Early and  Middle Adolescence: Prospective Evidence from Mainland Chinese Boys and  Girls. Journal of Abnormal Psychology  © 2011 American Psychological  Association, 120, 454–464. Karatzias, T., Chouliara, Z., Power, K. Collins, P. Grierson, D. (2010).General  Psychopathology in Anorexia Nervosa: The Role of Psychosocial Factors. Clini cal  Psychology and Psychotherapy, 17, 519–527. Klein, D., Schebendach, J., Gershkovich, M., Bodell, L., Foltin, R. Walsh, T. (2010). Behavioral Assessment of the Reinforcing Effect of Exercise in Women with  Anorexia Nervosa: Further Paradigm Development and Data. International Journal  of Eating Disorders ,7, 611–618. Lindblad, F., Lindberg, L., Hjern, A. (2006).Anorexia Nervosa in Young Men: A Cohort  Study. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 39, 662–666. Sang, C., Jaussent, I., Raingeard, I. Bringer, J. (2010). Is Decision Making Really  Impaired in Eating Disorders? Neuropsychology  © 2010 American Psychological  Association 2010, 24, 808–812 Soban, C. (2010).What about the Boys? Addressing Issues of Masculinity within Male  Anorexia Nervosa in a Feminist Therapeutic Environment. The College of New  Jersey. This research paper on The Eating Disorder – Anorexia Nervosa was written and submitted by user Annabell N. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Retarded isnt stupid Mom essays

Retarded isn't stupid Mom essays I am capable, a quote from the mentally retarded Nicole Kaufman to her mother, could have been an alternate title for the book, Retarded Isnt Stupid, Mom. Nicole was a very resilient girl right from the beginning. Rarely did she fail to achieve what she set out to achieve. It wasnt always the simplest and quickest of processes but somehow, someway she would get it done. Nicoles drive and ambitions were something to be desired by anyone. Sandra Kaufman, author and mother of Nicole, expressed her familys frustration with Nicole but at the same time commended and proved that Nicoles family couldnt be prouder after seeing all that she had accomplished. Dancing in the ballet and teaching operations of armored tanks, were not professions that Sandra and Matt Kaufman had gone into to prepare themselves for parenting a child with mental retardation. After meeting in Los Angeles, then being shipped to the Panama Canal Zone, Matt and Sandra decided to make an addition to their family. Their first daughter Nicole was born in 1955. Is she all right, escaped the mouth of Sandra just seconds after Nicole was brought into the world. It was a routine question. One could say it was even the anesthesia talking because it had never entered Sandras mind that her baby would not be 100% healthy. There was, however, some room for concern since Nicole, who was a full term baby, only weighed 4 lbs and 7 ounces. The countless hours of crying and tantrums that came from Nicole for the next 2 years or so were thought of as just the normal noisiness of having a baby. It was in fact Matt and Sandras first child. They were new parents not quite knowi ng the ropes of parenting yet. There was more than just an obsessive amount of crying though. Nicole didnt seem to be developing at a rate that Matt and Sandra could be comfortable with. This led to denial; some babi...

Teaching Strategies for Students that are Mental Retarded Essay

Teaching Strategies for Students that are Mental Retarded - Essay Example The mutilation of students who are mentally disturbed in reading skills of comprehension display differences in accordance with their disability level. Many people do not see the possibility for such students (mentally retarded) to learn writing and reading skills. The problems of these students are evident in the dimension of reading comprehension. Appropriate methods of teaching have become suggested to help students conquer these difficulties. The major areas in which mentally retarded students experience difficulties are finding the textual components in their reading and associating these components. The reasons for these difficulties as suggested include lack of repeating strategies, memory problems, short attention span and problem in transferring the leant work (Iskdogan & Kargin 3). Strategies One of the reading comprehension technique taught is story map. It is the representation of some section of or the entire story and how fundamental components of the story are linked t o each other in the form of graphics (graphical form). It is also a technique of constructing a schema, which involves teaching the relationships of sections of a story with each other to the person who reads, and providing the necessary components of the story in a schema so as to draw the attention of the individual who reads. The purpose of this method is help students build the story about the fundamentals of the story in their minds with no use of the visual material given as a story map after a certain time. The technique is also meant to improve thinking structures, which provide text comprehension. This method (story map) is effective in separating the information which is significant and insignificant in the story, providing active participation, activating foreknowledge, predicting, directing students, and transferring data into long term memory (Iskdogan & Kargin 4). The didactic approach is another strategy of teaching. This is based on games and exercises. Modern commun ities of researching and teaching agree that learning is effective, despite the philosophy or educational model used, when students get involved in games and exercises. In accordance with the socio-cultural theory, learning is majorly a social process. The most effective practices of education should be constructed upon all the ways in which people are specifically gifted at getting information kinds and causal patterns. Games and exercises are all about interactions with other persons. The interactions of the mentally disturbed students with each other will help them understand and improve their relations with others, and also learn from them. Children acquire most of their knowledge through others, and that knowledge occurs outside school settings such as museums, toys, televisions and other artifacts, or even different games activities like playing soccer, doing athletics, and playing chess (Reis et al 3). Traditionally, the main learning form has been the known teacher directed learning or guided learning. This is where the teacher or trainer makes all the appropriate decisions and the student follows him or her. In such a model of learning, the teacher decides about the learning goals, the strategies of learning, ways of measuring outcomes, and deals with judgment, results and feedback. The other two types of learning experiences are experiential and action learning. Serious awareness have become made on the benefits of new

BANANA GARDEN Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

BANANA GARDEN - Essay Example In most cases, while men were travelling around to attend to their official duties, women were left behind to cater for their in-laws, children and farm activities. Gu Zhiqiong a member of the banana club used poetry to express her feelings to her absent husband. Despite them being apart for a long time, she missed him and wondered why her travelling husband should not come home. Her beauty was neglected by a husband who had gone to search for fame, but she feared that the search might not be successful.The neglect caused a lot of pain to Gu Zhiqiong, which resulted in weight loss and increase in illness. The stressful moments she was undergoing made her turn to drinking to alleviate the pain. Gu Zhiqiong’s belief that the quest for fame for her husband will not be successful showed an aspect weakness in males who at that time were regarded as superiors over females. Another member of the Banana Garden Poetry Club members was Chai Jingyi. In most of her poetry works, she avoided sections of more stereotypical feminine moods and topics. In her poem titled Huangtiandang: On Lady Liang, she showered praises to a lady beating the drum and argued that no one would believe that the person playing the drum was a beautiful woman (Berge, 2008). Despite women’s freedom of expression and movement being restricted it is clear that women have the capability of doing best what men could do. In 1129 during the Huangtiandang battle, Han Shizhong the Song dynasty general inflicted a decisive win over Jurchen Jin dynasty troops. The general’s win was mainly attributed to Liang Hongyu, who was his wife. Liang was a former courtesan and tirelessly played the drum, inspiring the Song army to superior efforts. The name of Liang often appeared in poetry in the seventeenth century as an example of devoted loyalty. Though men’s freedom of expression and movement was not restricted like the case in women, some of them

Organizations Environmental Impacts Of Change Management Essay

Organizations Environmental Impacts Of Change Management Essay An organization can be defined as the social entity that has purpose. It has a boundary where participants are considered as insiders and while are called outsiders, all the participants are in to a define structure. A group people brought together for the purpose of achieving of certain objectives. As the basic unit of organization is the rather than the role of a person in it organization is maintained an existence, sometimes over a long period of time, despite many changes of members.(Statt, 1991).Human resource is a part of a company and its strategic plan. A strategic leadership necessitate when change is required in ABF limited. Strategic leader should be a proactive in an organization. Change is about survival of an organization. Organizations environmental impacts of change The organization change, by the emissive pressure of competition, by the sharp economics changes, globalization, changes in the technologies. By this organizations are continually reshaping worldwide. Due to the continuous changes in the software developments increased the demand of information and communication playing major challenge of building a consistency worldwide. Organization environment influenced by the political environment, technological environment, and social environment. All factors, including institutions, groups, individuals, events and so on, that are outside the organization being analyzed ,but have a potential impact on that organization.(Tush man ,1988).these factors are influencing the organization to draw attention towards a change in one or more elements. It leads to the consequent changes in a organization. By vast changes in the technology, the organization are triggered to change in there structure. Globalization is one of the factors. By introducing new technologies in an organization there will be scope of introduce a new production process. These lead to the computerization process. All these factors lead to a change in an organization the political environment plays an enormous influence to change an organization, the rapid change in government polices, public sectors and the attitudes, behaviour of people with in are t he factors triggering for a change. Demographic changes, Social expectations for increase in the standard of living influencing for a change. Organization operates in three types of environment namely temporal environment, external environment and internal environment. Temporal environment influences the organization in two ways. The first one is task oriented such as task oriented time, product design time, system process and value oriented. The second one is a specific way. It goes though the life cycle of an organization. Political, economic, technological and social cultural environment all these factors are the physical one. These come under external environment. Inner environment is first line responses that occurred in the temporal and external environment. It operates in multidimensional environments. Due to this human resource is under pressure. A perfect strategic leader can bring a change in the ABF limited. A clear sense and mission is essential in the ABF LTD. A flat organization structure has to follow. Human resources should play more that a one role in ABF LTD. It should analyze the current situation. Mainly it should look into leadership styles, intra and inter groups relationship motivation and commitment of the employees of the ABF LTD SOFT HRM PRACTICES: To resolve a problem is to select a course of action that yields an outcome that is good enough, that satisfies (Ackoffz). Soft HRM characterised by indirect control of employees. It gives prominence to strategies and plans for gaining the employee commitment towards the company mission, plans, and trading conditions. In these employee increasingly involves in how the work carried out. In includes the creating and shaping of culture of the organization. It will create a clear integration between the employee values and organization goals. HR specialties involves in this process. It focuses on the social and human side of an organisation and total system change .it relies on action research model. Top level management involves and participate actively. It relays on a standard blue print that how to change can be done. It seeks to the betterment of individual and organization. For accomplish the task in a organization it considers all kinds of teams .Its a planned changed process. Its a long term process and change is needs to sustain over for a long time period. (Barbara et al, ) Change in culture Organizational culture refers to the personality of a firm, i.e., what makes the organization unique in the eyes of insiders and outsiders. While there are many definitions of culture, the common theme is the presence of shared values, beliefs, assumptions, and patterns of behaviour (c.f., Schein 1992).Firms culture and human resources management exits a relationship between them. They affect one other. Compensation, staffing, training and evaluation are the four polices of the human resources effect the organization culture. In ABF Ltd there is no significant organization culture. There is a need to change in the culture. There is a need of realign of culture in ABF LTD. SHRM first need to establish a basic underlying assumptions and a shift in values or this strategies can be change, if there is possibility in another way. Human resources should able to produce an adequate resources to change a culture in organization. SHRM should pay more attentions in culture change programmes in organizations trade unions and employee associations. SHRM must take account in the existing practices such as an approach towards to the training, performance and to the recruitment process. A bottom approach of change in culture in ABF LTD. It creates a trust and understanding between the employees. It involves in implications and proposals. Its and high in long run. It focuses more on the problems. Scope of high transformation change in employee in an organization.(Barbira) Change in communications: Communication involves in both giving out of message from person and it receives message to the other person .Communications play an important role in an organisation. Communication can be a verbal, oral, it can be a context, it can be a means of an electrical (email or text boards). Generally communication may be an opinion, feedback, information or an emotional text. In ABF ltd there is a communication gap between the employers and the managers. The purpose to introduce communication in ABF is to It can provide the solutions for the problems raised. Manager can understand the employees It helps in the motivation, contribution and participation of an employee Good communication can improve the organisation performance, improve management and decision making, it improve employees performance and commitment, helps greater trust and increase job satisfaction ACAS (2000) In ABF ltd, its lacking the upward and downward communications. The upward and downward strategy can help in improve communications in the ABF ltd. This will make to understand each other rand they can communicate easily. This makes to understand the polices of an organisation. In drastic change in technology an web page should be introduced in the ABF ltd. Employees can be communicate easily electrically ( emails) It will bring an drastic change in communication in ABF LTD. By electrically based communication employee can receive the data and can communicate it in any part of the world. By these it can give the reviews of the programs, managers problem on the contonpary problems and it can give the outline proposals for the future activities (Torrington, 2002). Leadership Manger deals with their employees in different ways. An organisation can work rightly when there is good leader. There are three categories in leadership styles. Autocratic managers do not trust the employs. They pass the orders to low level management, there will be one way communication, and important decisions will be made by the manager. There are many limitations in autocratic managers. Second one is Paternalistic managers. Give more attention towards to the employee, social views and they get the feedback from the employs. Final decision will be taken by the manager. Third one is Democratic managers. Encourages in making the decisions by the employee and also leaders in the sub ordinates, there will be two way communications. Managers trust the employee. In the ABF limited a democratic leader should be introduced. It will lay a mutual communication between the top level and low level management. By this kind of leadership employee can make their own decisions. Employee can get motivated by this and increase in the performance of an employee. Appraisal System: Assessment is the process by which data are collected and reviewed about an individual employees past and current work behaviour and performance.(John,1994). Appraisal of an employee can be given by assessing him. Appraisal decision in an organization can be taken, by taking the feedback from the employees, performance and outputs of an individual employee; its an information system process. By implementing the V rooms theory for appraisal system in to the ABF LTD. There should be an value of reward, it depends upon the people strength and outcomes, the rewards given by the organization should be dependent upon on the value of the individual outcomes, at the lower levels roles and responsibilities should be give to the right person , it should not influence by the effort, look into the effective performance. Rewards system produces the job satisfaction and improves the job performance, these rewards can get employee job satisfaction.(John , 2002) Motivation Motivation plays an important role in an organization. Motivation of the work depends on working conditions, salary, company policy, interpersonal working relationships. to motivate the employees there is an need of good leader to motivate the employees By reviewing the Herzberg two factor theory, motivation can bring into the ABF Ltd, Considering the factors de motivating them, factors motivating the employees such as job security , polices of an organization, working conditions. By motivating the employee he/her feels responsibility towards the job, increase in job prospects and performance( Bratton et al ,1994) Training Programmes: Shortages of skills of employees, vast increase in the technology, product quality and adaptability are the some of reasons that lead to training programmes. No training programmes running under ABF LTD. Employee development as a part of the organisation s over all human resources strategy means the skilful provision and organization of learning experiences in the work place in order that performance can be improved, that work goals can be achieved and that through enhancing the skills knowledge, learning ability and enthusiasm of people at every level, there can be continues individual growth. Employee development must, there fore, be [art of a wider strategy for the business, aligned with the organisations corporate mission and goals. [Rosemary Harrison, 1993].in an organisation level its important that employee must work to optimum level of performance. SHRM have to under take the training programs in an organisation. If the employee is unable to perform to his optimum level the b est remedy is training programs. A different variety of methods can be implemented of job analysis that is suitable to implement training programs. By the training employee can reach his performance level. For the training programs, job analysis have to used for an employee feels performance is adequate. Where there are facing the problems and any difficulties in the knowledge and skills. Such type of approaches can be feasible to understand the employee. These training programs can feel more committed towards to the learning experience that can be recertifying the difficulties .Training programs can play a dual role in an organization. It will motivate and improve the performance of the employee. It will give in change in environment. If ABF LTD introduce the training programmes there will b improve in the increase in quality, employee can more motivated towards work, less scrap and it will create more productivity. Change in Technology and it impacts Due to the increase in the technology, IT services have become part of the Human resources. It influenced the human resources in every aspect of work in day to day life. With increase in technology in human resources there is a decline in costs in many aspects like employee can accesses to the information regarding the job, pay roll s; it creates more efficiency for the human resources department. It allows a form of one to one relationship between the organization and the employees. When Technology is being implemented in an organization, it does not limit to a certain limit and it can improve the performance of an employee. The layer of technology can connect the different types of application. It will create a work flow. Technology can be a tool to facilitate to generate the performance of an employee. It can be a valuable tool for training and development. Payroll, time and labour management and employee benefits can be operated smoothly by introducing human resources information system into an organization. This will permit a squeal history of an employee, his/ her performance, personal details and payroll details. It gathers the information such as attendance; pay check holdings, various deductions. Employees information available 24 x 7. It analyzes the performance of an employee. It maintains up to date information of an employee. Its been part of a human resource management. Employee benefits are very important to an organization. It can able to track weather employee are benefiting provided. This system benefits from paper work. Now a days technology has been a major impact on the employee growth. In the areas like computer based testing and work place collaboration. Technology is been used for the employee training and the for the product development. By the technology we can retrieve the employee previous work history and his performance. Technology enhances the capability of the human resources. By the technology the employees information can keep in secured. Total Quality Management: Total quality management play an important role in on organization. Due to the globalization companies are driving towards to the quality of the product and customer satisfaction. HRM should perform a crucial change in the terms of total quality management in ABF ltd. Human resources should attract the senior management for long time training progress to attain the good quality of product. Hr should provide training to improve the quality. The functional strategy of TQM should focus on the every employee of an organization. Improving the Quality of a product is a continues process. HRM plays an important role in maintains a quality of product. HRM should emphasis on the other departments who are making a continuing improvement in service. To maintain the total quality HRM should include the customer suggestions.HRM should conduct the periodic surveys to attain the TQM. The hr should concern about the every department and undertake continually to improve the performance. HR has to mon itor by inspecting the small samples of the product. To motivate the employees HRM has to design appraisal and reward system based on the performance. The consultants were looking at following five areas planned maintenance policies, quality assurance, utilization of machine setters and technicians, information and control systems, Manufacturing organization. Firstly an organization has look into the communications, communications plays an important role. By implementing Soft HRM practices ABF ltd for long run sustainability and for future aspects. Without communications the low level management cannot communicate with the high level management and vice versa. This will lead to de motivation of employees. There should be change in culture it create a trust between the employees. By introducing democratic managerial style there will be improvement in performance of employees. By introducing the training programs and technology will bring drastic changes in employees like increase in performance, individual skill and employee get there job satisfaction. By introducing the total quality management in an organization there will be full control in the quality, so that customers can satisfy with products these will enhance in growth in business. By applying these changes there will growth in the business and change is for survival. Conclusion: In conclusion, according to the case study ABF Ltd is bad situation because of its lacking in communications, co-ordination between the top level management, lacking of technology. So its important to HR director to implement new strategies. It should to implement in a correct time. HR direct need of taking the proactive steps and reactive approach. In business planning its requires a proper planning and action rather than the reacting to the present condition in an organization. A change has to initiate as a SHRM of the organization. The human resources should assist the ABF LTD to change. Weather changes can come unexpectedly; it may come from the external environment or internal environment. It can be in any form, employee must adapt and so too human resources. Human resources should update the technology and able to adopt in the organization. The critical issue HR should gain strategic approach. The Human resource professional should be strategic partner , proactive when forecast ing ,managing and adapting to change Word Count :2786

The Censorship Of Huck Finn :: essays research papers

The Censorship of Huckelberry Finn   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Adventures of Huckelberry Finn has been called one of the greatest pieces of American literature, deemed a classic. The book has been used by teachers across the country for years. Now, Huck Finn, along with other remarkable novels such as Catcher in the Rye and To Kill a Mockingbird, are being pulled off the shelves of libraries and banned from classrooms. All the glory this majestic piece by Mark Twain has acquired is slowly being deteriorated. This is occurring because some say it does not meet 'today's'; politically correct standards. This is an immense disturbance to all who have read and cherished Huckelberry Finn and know this work's true meaning. Censorship, as defined in the dictionary, is, in the case of a book, to take out things thought to be objectionable. Censorship is far more than that. This mere word prohibits us from all things branded with its mark. In this instance of The Adventures of Huckelberry Finn, it takes away an American treasure, and more importantly, defies First Ammendment rights. Those who find Huck Finn distasteful and unappropriate are trying to brand this work, by censorship, and make it unjust to read. This is similar to a farmer trying to brand his mark upon a bull, with those against Huck Finn as the farmers and Huckelberry Finn is the bull. As most know the bull never goes down without a fight and won't allow thje farmer to branded, just as the supporters of Huckelberry Finn will not just be taken down passively. The main reason Huckelberry Finn is being subjected to such scrutiny is because of the way Twain protrayed 'nigger'; Jim, and his use of the racial slur. The Anti-Huckelberry Finn feel that it is to uncomfortable for African-Americans to read the book and think they are being stereotyped into Jim's image. Though some find it wrong for this American treasure to remain availible due to its racism, this is not the case. Even though the word 'nigger'; is used over 200 times in the book, it was common for African-Americans to be refered to as this during the period of the book and the time the book was published. Those trying to have Huckelberry Finn censored are also opposed to Jim being portrayed as 'an uneducated man, very superstitious, infantile, passive, and generally uncultured,'; as written by Frank Ritter. These ideas may at first seem like the basis for a good arguement, but it is later apparent that these

Macbeth in 21 Century English

Original Text | Modern Text | | | Enter  BANQUO | BANQUO  enters. | 510 | BANQUO Thou hast it now: king, Cawdor, Glamis, all, As the weird women promised, and I fear Thou played’st most foully for ’t. Yet it was said It should not stand in thy posterity, But that myself should be the root and father Of many kings. If there come truth from them— As upon thee, Macbeth, their speeches shine— Why, by the verities on thee made good, May they not be my oracles as well, And set me up in hope? But hush, no more. BANQUO Now you have it all: you’re the king, the thane of Cawdor, and the thane of Glamis, just like the weird women promised you. And I suspect you cheated to win these titles. But it was also prophesied that the crown would not go to your descendants, and that my sons and grandsons would be kings instead. If the witches tell the truth—which they did about you—maybe what they said about me will come true too. But shhh! I’ll shut up now. | | Sennet sounded. Enter  MACBETH, as king,  LADY MACBETH, as queen,  LENNOX,  ROSS,  LORDS,LADIES, and attendants | A trumpet plays.MACBETH  enters dressed as king, and  LADY MACBETH  enters dressed as queen, together with  LENNOX,  ROSS,  LORDS,LADIES, and their attendants | | MACBETH Here’s our chief guest. | MACBETH (indicating BANQUO)  Here’s our most important guest. | | LADY MACBETH If he had been forgotten, It had been as a gap in our great feast, And all-thing unbecoming. | LADY MACBETH If we forgot him, our big celebration wouldn’t be complete, and that wouldn’t be any good. | 15 | MACBETH Tonight we hold a solemn supper, sir, And I’ll request your presence. | MACBETH (to  BANQUO)  Tonight we’re having a ceremonial banquet, and I want you to be there. | BANQUO Let your highness Command upon me, to the which my duties Are with a most indissoluble tie Forever knit. | BANQUO Whatever your hi ghness commands me to do, it is always my duty to do it. | Original Text | Modern Text | | 20 | MACBETH Ride you this afternoon? | MACBETH Are you going riding this afternoon? | | BANQUO Ay, my good lord. | BANQUO Yes, my good lord. | 25 | MACBETH We should have else desired your good advice— Which still hath been both grave and prosperous— In this day’s council, but we’ll take tomorrow. Is ’t far you ride? MACBETH We would have liked to have heard your good advice, which has always been serious and helpful, at the council today, but we’ll wait until tomorrow. Are you riding far? | | BANQUO As far, my lord, as will fill up the time ‘Twixt this and supper. Go not my horse the better, I must become a borrower of the night For a dark hour or twain. | BANQUO I’m going far enough that I’ll be riding from now until dinner. Unless my horse goes faster than expected, I will be back an hour or two after sunset. | | MACBETH Fail n ot our feast. | MACBETH Don’t miss our feast. 30 | BANQUO My lord, I will not. | BANQUO My lord, I won’t miss it. | 35 | MACBETH We hear our bloody cousins are bestowed In England and in Ireland, not confessing Their cruel parricide, filling their hearers With strange invention. But of that tomorrow, When therewithal we shall have cause of state Craving us jointly. Hie you to horse. Adieu, Till your return at night. Goes Fleance with you? | MACBETH We hear that the princes, those murderers, have hidden in England and Ireland. They haven’t confessed to cruelly murdering their own father, and they’ve been making up strange lies to tell their hosts.But we can talk more about that tomorrow, when we’ll discuss matters of state that concern us both. Hurry up and get to your horse. Good-bye, until you return tonight. Is Fleance going with you? | | BANQUO Ay, my good lord. Our time does call upon ’s. | BANQUO Yes, my good lord. It’s time we h it the road. | 40 | MACBETH I wish your horses swift and sure of foot, And so I do commend you to their backs. Farewell. | MACBETH I hope your horses are fast and surefooted. And with that, I send you to them. Farewell. | | Exit  BANQUO | BANQUO  exits. | 45 | Let every man be master of his time Till seven at night.To make society The sweeter welcome, we will keep ourself Till suppertime alone. While then, God be with you! | Everybody may do as they please until seven o'clock tonight. In order to make your company even more enjoyable, I’m going to keep to myself until suppertime. Until then, God be with you! | Original Text | Modern Text | | | Exeunt all except  MACBETH  and a  SERVANT | Everyone exits except  MACBETH  and aSERVANT | | Sirrah, a word with you. Attend those men Our pleasure? | (to the  SERVANT)  You there, let me have a word with you. Are those men waiting for me? | SERVANT They are, my lord, without the palace gate. | SERVANT They’re waiting outside the palace gate, my lord. | | MACBETH Bring them before us. | MACBETH Bring them to me. | | Exit  SERVANT | The  SERVANT  exits. | 5055606570 | To be thus is nothing, But to be safely thus. Our fears in Banquo Stick deep, and in his royalty of nature Reigns that which would be feared. ‘Tis much he dares, And to that dauntless temper of his mind He hath a wisdom that doth guide his valor To act in safety. There is none but he Whose being I do fear, and under him My genius is rebuked, as it is said Mark Antony’s was by Caesar.He chid the sisters When first they put the name of king upon me And bade them speak to him. Then, prophetlike, They hailed him father to a line of kings. Upon my head they placed a fruitless crown And put a barren scepter in my grip, Thence to be wrenched with an unlineal hand, No son of mine succeeding. If ’t be so, For Banquo’s issue have I filed my mind; For them the gracious Duncan have I murdered; Put rancors in the vessel of my peace Only for them; and mine eternal jewel Given to the common enemy of man, To make them kings, the seed of Banquo kings!Rather than so, come fate into the list, And champion me to th' utterance. Who’s there? | To be the king is nothing if I’m not safe as the king. I’m very afraid of Banquo. There’s something noble about him that makes me fear him. He’s willing to take risks, and his mind never stops working. He has the wisdom to act bravely but also safely. I’m not afraid of anyone but him. Around him, my guardian angel is frightened, just as Mark Antony’s angel supposedly feared Octavius Caesar. Banquo chided the witches when they first called me king, asking them to tell him his own future.Then, like prophets, they named him the father to a line of kings. They gave me a crown and a scepter that I can’t pass on. Someone outside my family will take these things away from me, since no son of mine will tak e my place as king. If this is true, then I’ve tortured my conscience and murdered the gracious Duncan for Banquo’s sons. I’ve ruined my own peace for their benefit. I’ve handed over my everlasting soul to the devil so that they could be kings. Banquo’s sons, kings! Instead of watching that happen, I will challenge fate to battle and fight to the death. Who’s there! | Enter  SERVANT  and two  MURDERERS | The  SERVANT  comes back in with twoMURDERERS | Original Text | Modern Text | | 75 | Now go to the door and stay there till we call. | Now go to the door and stay there until I call for you. | | Exit  SERVANT | The  SERVANT  exits. | | Was it not yesterday we spoke together? | Wasn’t it just yesterday that we spoke to each other? | | FIRST MURDERER It was, so please your highness. | FIRST MURDERER It was yesterday, your highness. | 8085 | MACBETH Well then, now Have you considered of my speeches?Know That it was he, i n the times past, which held you So under fortune, which you thought had been Our innocent self. This I made good to you In our last conference, passed in probation with you, How you were borne in hand, how crossed, the instruments, Who wrought with them, and all things else that might To half a soul and to a notion crazed Say, â€Å"Thus did Banquo. † | MACBETH Well, did you think about what I said? You should know that it was Banquo who made your lives hell for so long, which you always thought was my fault. But I was innocent. I showed you the proof at our last meeting.I explained how you were deceived, how you were thwarted, the things that were used against you, who was working against you, and a lot of other things that would convince even a half-wit or a crazy person to say, â€Å"Banquo did it! † | | FIRST MURDERER You made it known to us. | FIRST MURDERER You explained it all. | 90 | MACBETH I did so, and went further, which is now Our point of second meeting . Do you find Your patience so predominant in your nature That you can let this go? Are you so gospeled To pray for this good man and for his issue, Whose heavy hand hath bowed you to the grave And beggared yours forever? MACBETH I did that and more, which brings me to the point of this second meeting. Are you so patient and forgiving that you’re going to let him off the hook? Are you so pious that you would pray for this man and his children, a man who has pushed you toward an early grave and put your family in poverty forever? | | FIRST MURDERER We are men, my liege. | FIRST MURDERER We are men, my lord. | 95100105110 | MACBETH Ay, in the catalogue ye go for men, As hounds and greyhounds, mongrels, spaniels, curs, Shoughs, water-rugs, and demi-wolves are clept All by the name of dogs.The valued file Distinguishes the swift, the slow, the subtle, The housekeeper, the hunter, every one According to the gift which bounteous nature Hath in him closed, whereby he does receive P articular addition, from the bill That writes them all alike. And so of men. Now, if you have a station in the file, Not i' th' worst rank of manhood, say ’t, And I will put that business in your bosoms, Whose execution takes your enemy off, Grapples you to the heart and love of us, Who wear our health but sickly in his life, Which in his death were perfect. | MACBETH Yes, you’re part of the species called men.Just as hounds and greyhounds, mongrels, spaniels, mutts, shaggy lapdogs, swimming dogs, and wolf-dog crossbreeds are all dogs. But if you list the different kinds of dogs according to their qualities, you can distinguish which breeds are fast or slow, which ones are clever, which ones are watchdogs, and which ones hunters. You can classify each dog according to the natural gifts that separate it from all other dogs. It’s the same with men. Now, if you occupy some place in the list of men that isn’t down at the very bottom, tell me. Because if thatà ¢â‚¬â„¢s the case, I will tell you a plan that will get rid of your enemy and bring you closer to me.As long as Banquo lives, I am sick. I’ll be healthy when he is dead. | Original Text | Modern Text | | | SECOND MURDERER I am one, my liege, Whom the vile blows and buffets of the world Have so incensed that I am reckless what I do to spite the world. | SECOND MURDERER My lord, I’ve been so kicked around by the world, and I’m so angry, that I don’t even care what I do. | 115 | FIRST MURDERER And I another So weary with disasters, tugged with fortune, That I would set my life on any chance, To mend it or be rid on ’t. FIRST MURDERER I’m the same. I’m so sick of bad luck and trouble that I’d risk my life on any bet, as long as it would either fix my life or end it once and for all. | | MACBETH Both of you Know Banquo was your enemy. | MACBETH You both know Banquo was your enemy. | | BOTH MURDERERS True, my lord. | BOTH MURDERER S It’s true, my lord. | 120125 | MACBETH So is he mine; and in such bloody distance That every minute of his being thrusts Against my near’st of life.And though I could With barefaced power sweep him from my sight And bid my will avouch it, yet I must not, For certain friends that are both his and mine, Whose loves I may not drop, but wail his fall Who I myself struck down. And thence it is, That I to your assistance do make love, Masking the business from the common eye For sundry weighty reasons. | MACBETH He’s my enemy too, and I hate him so much that every minute he’s alive it eats away at my heart. Since I’m king, I could simply use my power to get rid of him.But I can’t do that, because he and I have friends in common whom I need, so I have to be able to moan and cry over his death in public even though I’ll be the one who had him killed. That’s why I need your help right now. I have to hide my real plans from the public eye for many important reasons. | | Original Text | Modern Text | 130 | SECOND MURDERER We shall, my lord, Perform what you command us. | SECOND MURDERER We’ll do what you want us to, my lord. | | FIRST MURDERER Though our lives— | FIRST MURDERER Though our lives— | 135140 | MACBETH Your spirits shine through you.Within this hour at most I will advise you where to plant yourselves, Acquaint you with the perfect spy o' th' time, The moment on ’t; for ’t must be done tonight, And something from the palace; always thought That I require a clearness. And with him— To leave no rubs nor botches in the work— Fleance, his son, that keeps him company, Whose absence is no less material to me Than is his father’s, must embrace the fate Of that dark hour. Resolve yourselves apart. I’ll come to you anon. | MACBETH (interrupts him)  I can see the determination in your eyes. Within the next hour I’ll tell you where to go and exactly when to strike.It must be done tonight, away from the palace. Always remember that I must be free from suspicion. For the plan to work perfectly, you must kill both Banquo and his son, Fleance, who keeps him company. Getting rid of Fleance is as important to me as knocking off Banquo. Each of you should make up your own mind about whether you’re going to do this. I’ll come to you soon. | | BOTH MURDERERS We are resolved, my lord. | BOTH MURDERERS We have decided, my lord. We’re in. | 145 | MACBETH I’ll call upon you straight. Abide within. | MACBETH I’ll call for you soon. Stay inside. | | Exeunt  MURDERERS | The  MURDERERS  exit. | It is concluded. Banquo, thy soul’s flight, If it find heaven, must find it out tonight. | The deal is closed. Banquo, if your soul is going to make it to heaven, tonight’s the night. | | Exit | He exits. | ACT 3 SCEN 2 Original Text | Modern Text | | | Enter  LADY MACBETH  and a  SERVA NT | LADY MACBETH  and a  SERVANT  enter. | | LADY MACBETH Is Banquo gone from court? | LADY MACBETH Has Banquo left the court? | | SERVANT Ay, madam, but returns again tonight. | SERVANT Yes, madam, but he’ll be back tonight. | | LADY MACBETH Say to the king I would attend his leisure For a few words. LADY MACBETH Go tell the king I want to talk to him for a few minutes. | 5 | SERVANT Madam, I will. | SERVANT No problem, madam. | | Exit  SERVANT | The  SERVANT  exits. | | LADY MACBETH Naught’s had, all’s spent, Where our desire is got without content. ‘Tis safer to be that which we destroy Than by destruction dwell in doubtful joy. | LADY MACBETH If you get what you want and you’re still not happy, you’ve spent everything and gained nothing. It’s better to be the person who gets murdered than to be the killer and be tormented with anxiety. | | Enter  MACBETH | MACBETH  enters. | 10 | How now, my lord!Why do you keep al one, Of sorriest fancies your companions making, Using those thoughts which should indeed have died With them they think on? Things without all remedy Should be without regard. What’s done is done. | What’s going on, my lord? Why are you keeping to yourself, with only your sad thoughts to keep you company? Those thoughts should have died when you killed the men you’re thinking about. If you can’t fix it, you shouldn’t give it a second thought. What’s done is done. | 152025 | MACBETH We have scorched the snake, not killed it. She’ll close and be herself whilst our poor malice Remains in danger of her former tooth.But let the frame of things disjoint, both the worlds suffer, Ere we will eat our meal in fear, and sleep In the affliction of these terrible dreams That shake us nightly. Better be with the dead, Whom we, to gain our peace, have sent to peace, Than on the torture of the mind to lie In restless ecstasy. Duncan is in his grave. After life’s fitful fever he sleeps well. Treason has done his worst; nor steel nor poison, Malice domestic, foreign levy, nothing Can touch him further. | MACBETH We have slashed the snake but not killed it. It will heal and be as good as new, and we’ll be threatened by its fangs once again.But the universe can fall apart, and heaven and earth crumble, before I’ll eat my meals in fear and spend my nights tossing and turning with these nightmares I’ve been having. I’d rather be dead than endure this endless mental torture and harrowing sleep deprivation. We killed those men and sent them to rest in peace so that we could gain our own peace. Duncan lies in his grave, through with life’s troubles, and he’s sleeping well. We have already done the worst we can do to him with our treason. After that, nothing can hurt him further—not weapons, poison, rebellion, invasion, or anything else. Original Text | Modern Text | | 30 | LADY MA CBETH Come on, gentle my lord, Sleek o'er your rugged looks. Be bright and jovial Among your guests tonight. | LADY MACBETH Come on, relax, dear. Put on a happy face and look cheerful and agreeable for your guests tonight. | 35 | MACBETH So shall I, love, And so, I pray, be you. Let your remembrance Apply to Banquo; present him eminence, Both with eye and tongue: unsafe the while that we Must lave our honors in these flattering streams, And make our faces vizards to our hearts, Disguising what they are. MACBETH That’s exactly what I’ll do, my love, and I hope you’ll do the same. Give Banquo your special attention. Talk to him and look at him in a way that will make him feel important. We’re in a dangerous situation, where we have to flatter him and hide our true feelings. | | LADY MACBETH You must leave this. | LADY MACBETH You have to stop talking like this. | | MACBETH Oh, full of scorpions is my mind, dear wife! Thou know’st that Banquo, and h is Fleance, lives. | MACBETH Argh! I feel like my mind is full of scorpions, my dear wife. You know that Banquo and his son Fleance are still alive. 40 | LADY MACBETH But in them nature’s copy’s not eterne. | LADY MACBETH But they can’t live forever. | 45 | MACBETH There’s comfort yet; they are assailable. Then be thou jocund. Ere the bat hath flown His cloistered flight, ere to black Hecate’s summons The shard-borne beetle with his drowsy hums Hath rung night’s yawning peal, there shall be done A deed of dreadful note. | MACBETH That’s comforting. They can be killed, it’s true. So be cheerful. Before the bat flies through the castle, and before the dung beetle makes his little humming noise to tell us it’s nighttime, a dreadful deed will be done. | LADY MACBETH What’s to be done? | LADY MACBETH What are you going to do? | Original Text | Modern Text | | 5055 | MACBETH Be innocent of the knowledge, dearest chuck, Till thou applaud the deed. Come, seeling night, Scarf up the tender eye of pitiful day And with thy bloody and invisible hand Cancel and tear to pieces that great bond Which keeps me pale. Light thickens, and the crow Makes wing to th' rooky wood. Good things of day begin to droop and drowse; Whiles night’s black agents to their preys do rouse. Thou marvel’st at my words: but hold thee still.Things bad begun make strong themselves by ill. So, prithee, go with me. | MACBETH It’s better you don’t know about it until after it’s done, when you can applaud it. (to the night)Come, night, and blindfold the kindhearted day. Use your bloody and invisible hand to tear up Banquo’s lease on life, which keeps me in fear. (to himself)  The sky’s getting dark, and the crow is returning home to the woods. The gentle creatures of the day are falling asleep, while night’s predators are waking up to look for their prey. (toLADY MACBETH)  Yo u seem surprised at my words, but don’t question me yet.Bad deeds force you to commit more bad deeds. So please, come with me. | | Exeunt | They exit | Original Text | Modern Text | | | Enter three  MURDERERS | The two  MURDERERS  enter with a thirdMURDERER. | | FIRST MURDERER But who did bid thee join with us? | FIRST MURDERER But who told you to come here and join us? | | THIRD MURDERER Macbeth. | THIRD MURDERER Macbeth. | 5 | SECOND MURDERER He needs not our mistrust, since he delivers Our offices and what we have to do To the direction just. | SECOND MURDERER We can trust this guy.He was given exactly the same orders we were. | 10 | FIRST MURDERER Then stand with us. The west yet glimmers with some streaks of day. Now spurs the lated traveler apace To gain the timely inn, and near approaches The subject of our watch. | FIRST MURDERER Then stay with us. There’s still a bit of daylight in the sky. Now all the late travellers are hurrying to reach their inns. Ba nquo is almost here. | | THIRD MURDERER Hark, I hear horses. | THIRD MURDERER Listen! I hear horses. | | BANQUO (within)  Give us a light there, ho! | BANQUO (from offstage)  Hey, give us some light here! | SECOND MURDERER Then ’tis he: the rest That are within the note of expectation Already are i' th' court. | SECOND MURDERER That must be him. The rest of the king’s guests are already inside. | | FIRST MURDERER His horses go about. | FIRST MURDERER You can hear his horses moving around as the servants take them to the stables. | 15 | THIRD MURDERER Almost a mile; but he does usually— So all men do—from hence to the palace gate Make it their walk. | THIRD MURDERER It’s almost a mile to the palace gate, but Banquo, like everybody else, usually walks from here to the palace. | Enter  BANQUO  and  FLEANCE  with a torch | BANQUO  and  FLEANCE  enter with a torch. | Act 3, Scene 3, Page 2 | Original Text | Modern Text | | SECOND MU RDERER A light, a light! | SECOND MURDERER Here comes a light! Here comes a light! | | THIRD MURDERER ‘Tis he. | THIRD MURDERER That’s him. | | FIRST MURDERER Stand to ’t. | FIRST MURDERER Prepare yourselves. | | BANQUO It will be rain tonight. | BANQUO It will rain tonight. | | FIRST MURDERER Let it come down. | FIRST MURDERER Then let the rain come down. | The  MURDERERS  attack  BANQUO | The  MURDERERS  attack  BANQUO. | 20 | BANQUO O treachery! Fly, good Fleance, fly, fly, fly! Thou may ’st revenge —O slave! | BANQUO Oh, this is treachery! Get out of here, good Fleance, run, run, run! Someday you can get revenge. —Oh, you bastard! | | BANQUO  dies. Exit  FLEANCE | BANQUO  dies. FLEANCE  escapes. | | THIRD MURDERER Who did strike out the light? | THIRD MURDERER Who put out the light? | | FIRSTMURDERER Was ’t not the way? | FIRST MURDERER Wasn’t that the best thing to do? | | THIRD MURDERER Thereâ€℠¢s but one down.The son is fled. | THIRD MURDERER There’s only one body here. The son ran away. | | SECOND MURDERER We have lost best half of our affair. | SECOND MURDERER We failed in half of our mission. | | FIRST MURDERER Well, let’s away and say how much is done. | FIRST MURDERER Well, let’s get out of here and tell Macbeth what we did accomplish. | | Exeunt | They exit. | Original Text | Modern Text | | | Banquet prepared. Enter  MACBETH,  LADY MACBETH,  ROSS,  LENNOX,  LORDS, and attendants. | The stage is set for a banquet. MACBETH  enters with  LADY MACBETH,  ROSS,  LENNOX,LORDS, and their attendants. | MACBETH You know your own degrees; sit down. At first And last, the hearty welcome. | MACBETH You know your own ranks, so you know where to sit. Sit down. From the highest to the lowest of you, I bid you a hearty welcome. | | The  LORDS  sit | The  LORDS  sit down. | | LORDS Thanks to your majesty. | LORDS Thanks to your majesty . | 5 | MACBETH Ourself will mingle with society And play the humble host. Our hostess keeps her state, but in best time We will require her welcome. | MACBETH I will walk around and mingle with all of you, playing the humble host.My wife will stay in her royal chair, but at the appropriate time I will have her welcome you all. | | LADY MACBETH Pronounce it for me, sir, to all our friends, For my heart speaks they are welcome. | LADY MACBETH Say welcome to all of our friends for me, sir, for in my heart they are all welcome. | | Enter  FIRST MURDERER  at the door | The  FIRST MURDERER  appears at the door. | 10 | MACBETH See, they encounter thee with their hearts' thanks. Both sides are even. Here I’ll sit i' th' midst. Be large in mirth. Anon we’ll drink a measure The table round. MACBETH And they respond to you with their hearts as well. The table is full on both sides. I will sit here in the middle. Be free and happy. Soon we will toast around the table. | | (aside to  FIRST MURDERER)  There’s blood upon thy face. | (approaching the door and speaking to theMURDERER)  There’s blood on your face. | | FIRST MURDERER ‘Tis Banquo’s then. | FIRST MURDERER Then it must be Banquo’s. | 15 | MACBETH ‘Tis better thee without than he within. Is he dispatched? | MACBETH I’d rather see his blood splattered on your face than flowing through his veins. Did you finish him off? |